Pando Rakefet, Stern Shahar, Nemet Ital, Glatman-Freedman Aharona, Sefty Hanna, Zuckerman Neta S, Drori Yaron, Friedman Nehemya, McCauley John W, Keinan-Boker Lital, Mendelson Ella, Daniels Rodney S, Mandelboim Michal
The Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Tel-Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 52621, Israel.
Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Central Virology Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Ramat-Gan 52621, Israel.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Apr 13;9(4):375. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9040375.
While vaccination is considered the most effective means to prevent influenza infection, its seasonal effectiveness varies, depending on the circulating influenza strains. Here, we characterized the circulation of influenza strains in October-2018 and March-2019 around the world. For this, we used nasopharyngeal samples collected from outpatient and hospitalized patients in Israel and data reported in ECDC, CDC, and WHO databases. Influenza A(H3N2) was dominant in Israel, while in Europe, Asia, and USA, A(H1N1)pdm09 virus circulated first, and then the A(H3N2) virus also appeared. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that A(H3N2) viruses circulating in Israel belonged to clade-3C.3a, while in Europe, Asia, and USA, A(H3N2) viruses belonged to subclade-3C.2a1, but were later replaced by clade-3C.3a viruses in USA. The vaccine A(H3N2) components of that year, A/Singapore/INFIMH-16-0019/2016-(H3N2)-like-viruses, belonged to clade-3C.2a1. The circulation of different influenza subtypes and clades of A(H3N2) viruses in a single season highlights the need for universal influenza vaccines.
虽然接种疫苗被认为是预防流感感染最有效的手段，但其季节性效果各不相同，这取决于流行的流感毒株。在此，我们描述了2018年10月至2019年3月期间全球流感毒株的流行情况。为此，我们使用了从以色列门诊和住院患者采集的鼻咽样本以及欧洲疾病预防控制中心（ECDC）、美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）和世界卫生组织（WHO）数据库中报告的数据。甲型（H3N2）流感在以色列占主导地位，而在欧洲、亚洲和美国，甲型（H1N1）pdm09病毒首先流行，随后甲型（H3N2）病毒也出现了。系统发育分析表明，在以色列流行的甲型（H3N2）病毒属于3C.3a分支，而在欧洲、亚洲和美国，甲型（H3N2）病毒属于3C.2a1亚分支，但后来在美国被3C.3a分支病毒所取代。当年的甲型（H3N2）疫苗成分A/新加坡/INFIMH-16-0019/2016-（H3N2）-类病毒属于3C.2a1分支。在单个季节中不同流感亚型和甲型（H3N2）病毒分支的流行凸显了通用流感疫苗的必要性。
