Brevers Damien, Noel Xavier, Clark Luke, Zyuzin Jekaterina, Justin Park Joohwan, Bechara Antoine
Brain and Creativity Institute, Department of Psychology, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Psychological Medicine and Addictology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Brugmann-campus, Université Libre de Bruxelles , Brussels, Belgium.
J Behav Addict. 2016 Mar;5(1):51-58. doi: 10.1556/2006.5.2016.008.
Background and aims Precommitment refers to the ability to prospectively restrict the access to temptations. This study examined whether risk-taking during gambling is decreased when an individual has the opportunity to precommit to his forthcoming bet. Methods Sixty individuals participated in a gambling task that consisted of direct choice (simply chose one monetary option among four available ones, ranging from low-risk to high-risk options) or precommitment trials (before choosing an amount, participants had the opportunity to make a binding choice that made high-risk options unavailable). Results We found that participants utilized the precommitment option, such that risk-taking was decreased on precommitment trials compared to direct choices. Within the precommitment trials, there was no significant difference in risk-taking following decisions to restrict versus non-restrict. Discussion These findings suggest that the opportunity to precommit may be sufficient to reduce the attractiveness of risk. Conclusions Present results might be exploited to create interventions aiming at enhancing one's ability to anticipate self-control failures while gambling.
背景与目的 预先承诺是指前瞻性地限制接触诱惑的能力。本研究考察了个体有机会对即将进行的赌注进行预先承诺时，赌博期间的冒险行为是否会减少。方法 60名个体参与了一项赌博任务，该任务包括直接选择试验（只需从四个可用的货币选项中选择一个，范围从低风险到高风险选项）或预先承诺试验（在选择金额之前，参与者有机会做出具有约束力的选择，使高风险选项不可用）。结果 我们发现参与者使用了预先承诺选项，因此与直接选择相比，预先承诺试验中的冒险行为减少。在预先承诺试验中，限制与不限制决策后的冒险行为没有显著差异。讨论 这些发现表明，预先承诺的机会可能足以降低风险的吸引力。结论 目前的结果可用于制定旨在增强个体在赌博时预测自我控制失败能力的干预措施。
