Zhang Rui, Wang Qihong, Li Kai, He Shenghong, Qin Si, Feng Zhenghui, Chen Yang, Song Pingxia, Yang Tingyan, Zhang Yuandong, Yu Zhuliang, Hu Yaohua, Shao Ming, Li Yuanqing
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2017 Aug;64(8):1959-1971. doi: 10.1109/TBME.2016.2628861. Epub 2017 Jan 9.
This study proposes an event-related potential (ERP) BCI-based environmental control system that integrates household electrical appliances, a nursing bed, and an intelligent wheelchair to provide daily assistance to paralyzed patients with severe spinal cord injuries (SCIs).
An asynchronous mode is used to switch the environmental control system on or off or to select a device (e.g., a TV) for achieving selfpaced control. In the asynchronous mode, we introduce several pseudo-keys and a verification mechanism to effectively reduce the false operation rate. By contrast, when the user selects a function of the device (e.g., a TV channel), a synchronous mode is used to improve the accuracy and speed of BCI detection. Two experiments involving six SCI patients were conducted separately in a nursing bed and a wheelchair, and the patients were instructed to control the nursing bed, the wheelchair, and household electrical appliances (an electric light, an air conditioner, and a TV).
The average false rate of BCI commands in the control state was 10.4%, whereas the average false operation ratio was 4.9% (a false BCI command might not necessarily result in a false operation according to our system design). During the idle state, there was an average of 0.97 false positives per minute, which did not result in any false operations.
All SCI patients could use the proposed ERP BCIbased environmental control system satisfactorily.
The proposed ERP-based environmental control system could be used to assist patients with severe SCIs in their daily lives.
本研究提出了一种基于事件相关电位（ERP）脑机接口的环境控制系统，该系统集成了家用电器、护理床和智能轮椅，为严重脊髓损伤（SCI）的瘫痪患者提供日常协助。
采用异步模式来开启或关闭环境控制系统，或选择设备（如电视）以实现自主控制。在异步模式下，我们引入了几个虚拟按键和一种验证机制，以有效降低误操作率。相比之下，当用户选择设备的功能（如电视频道）时，则采用同步模式来提高脑机接口检测的准确性和速度。分别在护理床和轮椅上对6名SCI患者进行了两项实验，并指导患者控制护理床、轮椅和家用电器（电灯、空调和电视）。
在控制状态下，脑机接口命令的平均错误率为10.4%，而平均误操作率为4.9%（根据我们的系统设计，错误的脑机接口命令不一定会导致误操作）。在空闲状态下，平均每分钟有0.97次误报，但未导致任何误操作。
所有SCI患者都能令人满意地使用所提出的基于ERP脑机接口的环境控制系统。
所提出的基于ERP的环境控制系统可用于协助严重SCI患者的日常生活。
