Zhou Qibing, Wei Yushuang
Department of Nanomedicine & Biopharmaceuticals, National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology , 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2017 Jan 17;30(1):73-80. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00298. Epub 2016 Nov 17.
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have recently been used as an effective magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent for the noninvasive diagnosis of chronic liver diseases including nonalcohol fatty liver diseases, nonalcohol steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis as well as liver tumors. However, the potential risk of the iron overload by SPIONs has been highly underestimated in chronic liver diseases. While most of SPIONs have been shown safe in the healthy group, significant toxicity potential by the iron overload has been revealed through immunotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, and fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism in cirrhosis as a high risk factor. As a result, the systems toxicology assessments of SPIONs are crucial in both healthy ones and chronic liver disease models to determine the margin of safety. In addition, the challenge of the iron overload by SPIONs requires better designed SPIONs as MRI contrast agents for chronic liver diseases such as the biodegradable nanocluster assembly with urine clearance.
超顺磁性氧化铁纳米颗粒（SPIONs）最近已被用作一种有效的磁共振成像（MRI）造影剂，用于非侵入性诊断包括非酒精性脂肪性肝病、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎、肝硬化以及肝肿瘤在内的慢性肝病。然而，在慢性肝病中，SPIONs导致铁过载的潜在风险一直被严重低估。虽然大多数SPIONs在健康组中已显示出安全性，但在作为高风险因素的肝硬化中，通过免疫毒性、脂质过氧化以及脂肪酸和胆固醇代谢，已揭示出铁过载具有显著的潜在毒性。因此，对SPIONs进行系统毒理学评估对于健康个体和慢性肝病模型都至关重要，可以确定安全边际。此外，应对SPIONs导致的铁过载这一挑战需要设计出更好的SPIONs作为慢性肝病的MRI造影剂，比如具有尿液清除功能的可生物降解纳米簇组装体。
