Allard Eric S, Kensinger Elizabeth A
a Department of Psychology , Cleveland State University , Cleveland , OH , USA.
b Department of Psychology , Boston College , Chestnut Hill , MA , USA.
Neuropsychol Dev Cogn B Aging Neuropsychol Cogn. 2018 Mar;25(2):213-230. doi: 10.1080/13825585.2017.1279265. Epub 2017 Jan 16.
While positive emotional functioning may be enhanced across adulthood and old age, research is mixed as to the types of regulatory strategies that are more or less beneficial for facilitating well-being. The goal of the present study was to examine how specific cognitive emotion regulation strategies assumed to rely on varying levels of effortful processing (selective attention vs. reappraisal) would impact regulatory behaviors (via eye gaze deployment) and resultant affective outcomes. Participants viewed a series of positive, negative, and neutral film clips while their eyes were tracked across three conditions: passive viewing, selective attention, and reappraisal. Results revealed that (a) both younger and older adults displayed positive fixation preferences and showed mood improvement across both regulatory conditions and (b) there was a marginal association between positive fixation and post-regulation mood. Implications for linking positivity to emotion regulation and well-being across adulthood are discussed.
虽然积极情绪功能在成年期和老年期可能会得到增强，但关于哪些调节策略对促进幸福感或多或少有益的研究结果并不一致。本研究的目的是考察特定的认知情绪调节策略（假定依赖于不同程度的努力加工，即选择性注意与重新评价）如何影响调节行为（通过目光注视分配）以及由此产生的情感结果。参与者观看了一系列积极、消极和中性的电影片段，同时在三种条件下对他们的眼睛进行追踪：被动观看、选择性注意和重新评价。结果显示：（a）年轻人和老年人在两种调节条件下均表现出积极的注视偏好且情绪得到改善；（b）积极注视与调节后情绪之间存在微弱关联。文中讨论了将积极情绪与成年期情绪调节及幸福感联系起来的意义。
