2014年伊朗设拉子地区药物和酒精使用情况及其与机动车碰撞事故风险的关系：一项病例交叉研究
The role of drug and alcohol use and the risk of motor vehicle crashes in Shiraz, Iran, 2014: A case-crossover study.
作者信息
Khanjani Narges, Mousavi Masoomeh, Dehghanian Amirreza, Jahani Yunes, Soori Hamid
机构信息
a Environmental Health Engineering Research Center , School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences , Kerman , Iran.
b Shiraz University of Medical Sciences , Shiraz , Iran.
出版信息
Traffic Inj Prev. 2017 Aug 18;18(6):573-576. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2017.1279736. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
BACKGROUND
Traffic accidents and traffic-related injuries and mortality have become a major public health concern in Iran. This study aimed to examine the role of drug and alcohol use in motor vehicle accidents in Iran.
METHODS
This case-crossover study was conducted on 441 drivers who survived a road traffic crash and were taken to the emergency department of Shahid Rajaee trauma hospital in Shiraz, southern Iran. Data were collected using checklists that included demographic characteristics and drug and alcohol use prior to driving. Alcohol and drug use was identified through self-report, and cannabis, morphine, and methamphetamine urine tests were used to confirm drug abuse among drivers.
RESULTS
In total 17.9% of drivers reported using drugs (cannabis, opium, or metamphetamine) and 8.84% of drivers reported consuming alcohol prior to the collision. The crude odds ratios (ORs) for having a crash for opium, cannabis, and metamphetamine were 1.94 (95% interval confidence [CI], 1.11-3.38), 2.37 (95% CI, 1.03-5.42), 5.5 (95% CI, 1.21-24.81), respectively, and for all drugs was 3.83 (95% CI, 2.28-6.43). The OR for alcohol was 3.5 (95% CI, 1.73-7.06) based on self-report.
CONCLUSION
Drug and alcohol use are increasing the risk of traffic crashes in Iran. Risk-reducing programs must be designed and implemented.
背景
交通事故以及与交通相关的伤害和死亡已成为伊朗主要的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在探讨药物和酒精使用在伊朗机动车事故中的作用。
方法
本病例交叉研究对441名在道路交通事故中幸存并被送往伊朗南部设拉子的沙希德拉贾伊创伤医院急诊科的司机进行。通过包含人口统计学特征以及驾驶前药物和酒精使用情况的清单收集数据。通过自我报告识别酒精和药物使用情况，并使用大麻、吗啡和甲基苯丙胺尿液检测来确认司机中的药物滥用情况。
结果
共有17.9%的司机报告在碰撞前使用过药物（大麻、鸦片或甲基苯丙胺），8.84%的司机报告在碰撞前饮酒。鸦片、大麻和甲基苯丙胺导致撞车的粗比值比（OR）分别为1.94（95%区间置信度[CI]，1.11 - 3.38）、2.37（95% CI，1.03 - 5.42）、5.5（95% CI，1.21 - 24.81），所有药物的OR为3.83（95% CI，2.28 - 6.43）。根据自我报告，酒精的OR为3.5（95% CI，1.73 - 7.06）。
结论
药物和酒精使用正在增加伊朗交通事故的风险。必须设计并实施降低风险的项目。
Zotero 插件