Hawkins Keely R, Krishnan Sridevi, Ringos Lara, Garcia Vanessa, Cooper Jamie A
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2017 Sep;12(8):1105-1110. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2016-0577. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
Using mouth rinse (MR) with carbohydrate during exercise has been shown to act as an ergogenic aid.
To investigate if nutritive or nonnutritive sweetened MR affects exercise performance and to assess the influence of sweetness intensity on endurance performance during a time trial (TT).
This randomized, single-blinded study had 4 treatment conditions. Sixteen subjects (9 men, 7 women) completed a 12.8-km TT 4 different times. During each TT, subjects mouth-rinsed and expectorated a different solution at time 0 and every 12.5% of the TT. The 4 MR solutions were sucrose (S) (sweet taste and provides energy of 4 kcal/g), a lower-intensity sucralose (S1:1) (artificial sweetener that provides no energy but tastes sweet), a higher-intensity sucralose (S100:1), and water as control (C). Completion times for each TT, heart rate (HR), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were also recorded.
Completion time for S was faster than for C (1:03:47 ± 00:02:17 vs 1:06:56 ± 00:02:18, respectively; P < .001) and showed a trend to be faster vs S100:1 (1:03:47 ± 00:02:17 vs 1:05:38 ± 00:02:12, respectively; P = .07). No other TT differences were found. Average HR showed a trend to be higher for S vs C (P = .08). The only difference in average or maximum RPE was for higher maximum RPE in C vs S1:1 (P = .02).
A sweet-tasting MR did improve endurance performance compared with water in a significant manner (mean 4.5% improvement; 3+ min.); however, the presence of energy in the sweet MR appeared necessary since the artificial sweeteners did not improve performance more than water alone.
运动期间使用含碳水化合物的漱口水（MR）已被证明可作为一种提高运动能力的辅助手段。
研究营养性或非营养性甜味MR是否会影响运动表现，并评估甜度强度对计时赛（TT）期间耐力表现的影响。
这项随机、单盲研究有4种治疗条件。16名受试者（9名男性，7名女性）在4个不同时间完成了12.8公里的TT。在每次TT期间，受试者在时间0以及TT的每12.5%时漱口并吐出不同的溶液。4种MR溶液分别是蔗糖（S）（甜味且每克提供4千卡能量）、低强度三氯蔗糖（S1:1）（人工甜味剂，不提供能量但有甜味）、高强度三氯蔗糖（S100:1）以及作为对照的水（C）。还记录了每次TT的完成时间、心率（HR）和主观用力程度分级（RPE）。
S的完成时间比C快（分别为1:03:47 ± 00:02:17和1:06:56 ± 00:02:18；P <.001），并且与S100:1相比有更快的趋势（分别为1:03:47 ± 00:02:17和1:05:3８ ± 00:02:12；P =.07）。未发现其他TT差异。S的平均HR与C相比有更高的趋势（P =.08）。平均或最大RPE的唯一差异是C的最大RPE高于S1:1（P =.02）。
与水相比，甜味MR确实显著提高了耐力表现（平均提高4.5%；3分钟以上）；然而，甜味MR中能量的存在似乎是必要的，因为人工甜味剂并没有比单独用水更能提高表现。
