Zeng Linan, Hu Die, Choonara Imti, Mu Dezhi, Zhang Lingli, Li Xihong, Zhang Zuojie, Hu Zhiqiang, Quan Shuyan
Department of Pharmacy/Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China.
Int J Pharm Pract. 2017 Feb;25(1):89-92. doi: 10.1111/ijpp.12335.
Antibiotics are one of the most widely misused group of medicines. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of antibiotics in one of the paediatric emergency departments in China.
We performed a prospective, cross-sectional study of antibiotic use in the paediatric emergency room of West China Second University Hospital. A total of 500 consecutive patients from March 25 to April 3 2013 were included. Clinical details of the patients were also collected in order to analyse antibiotic use.
The median age of patients was 2 years 2 months. The five most common conditions seen in the emergency department were wheezy bronchitis, upper respiratory tract infections, tonsillitis, pneumonia and diarrhoea. A total of 311 children (62%) received antibiotics. The antibiotics prescribed were predominantly cephalosporins and penicillins. More than one antibiotic was used in 51 patients. In total, 75% of the antibiotics prescribed were cephalosporins. More than three-quarters of the young children with wheezy bronchitis received antibiotics. Antibiotic use for children with an upper respiratory tract infections or tonsillitis was greater than the 20% maximum recommended by the European Surveillance of Antimicrobial Consumption.
The majority of children attending the emergency department received antibiotics. For many of the conditions, the use of antibiotics was inappropriate.
抗生素是滥用最为广泛的一类药物。本研究旨在调查中国一家儿科急诊科抗生素的使用情况。
我们对华西第二大学医院儿科急诊室的抗生素使用情况进行了一项前瞻性横断面研究。纳入了2013年3月25日至4月3日期间连续就诊的500例患者。还收集了患者的临床详细信息以分析抗生素的使用情况。
患者的中位年龄为2岁2个月。急诊科最常见的五种病症为喘息性支气管炎、上呼吸道感染、扁桃体炎、肺炎和腹泻。共有311名儿童（62%）接受了抗生素治疗。所开具的抗生素主要是头孢菌素和青霉素。51名患者使用了一种以上的抗生素。总共75%的处方抗生素为头孢菌素。超过四分之三患喘息性支气管炎的幼儿接受了抗生素治疗。上呼吸道感染或扁桃体炎患儿的抗生素使用率高于欧洲抗菌药物消费监测所建议的20%的最高值。
大多数到急诊科就诊的儿童接受了抗生素治疗。对于许多病症来说，抗生素的使用并不恰当。
