Tsybko Anton S, Ilchibaeva Tatiana V, Popova Nina K
Rev Neurosci. 2017 Apr 1;28(3):219-233. doi: 10.1515/revneuro-2016-0063.
Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is widely recognized as a survival factor for dopaminergic neurons, but GDNF has also been shown to promote development, differentiation, and protection of other central nervous system neurons and was thought to play an important role in various neuropsychiatric disorders. Severe mood disorders, such as primarily major depressive disorder and bipolar affective disorder, attract particular attention. These psychopathologies are characterized by structural alterations accompanied by the dysregulation of neuroprotective and neurotrophic signaling mechanisms required for the maturation, growth, and survival of neurons and glia. The main objective of this review is to summarize the recent findings and evaluate the potential role of GDNF in the pathogenesis and treatment of mood disorders. Specifically, it describes (1) the implication of GDNF in the mechanism of depression and in the effect of antidepressant drugs and mood stabilizers and (2) the interrelation between GDNF and brain neurotransmitters, playing a key role in the pathogenesis of depression. This review provides converging lines of evidence that (1) brain GDNF contributes to the mechanism underlying depressive disorders and the effect of antidepressants and mood stabilizers and (2) there is a cross-talk between GDNF and neurotransmitters representing a feedback system: GDNF-neurotransmitters and neurotransmitters-GDNF.
胶质细胞源性神经营养因子（GDNF）被广泛认为是多巴胺能神经元的存活因子，但GDNF也已被证明可促进其他中枢神经系统神经元的发育、分化和保护作用，并被认为在各种神经精神疾病中发挥重要作用。严重的情绪障碍，如主要的重度抑郁症和双相情感障碍，尤其受到关注。这些精神病理学特征是结构改变，同时伴随着神经元和神经胶质细胞成熟、生长和存活所需的神经保护和神经营养信号机制的失调。本综述的主要目的是总结近期研究结果，并评估GDNF在情绪障碍发病机制和治疗中的潜在作用。具体而言，它描述了（1）GDNF在抑郁症机制以及抗抑郁药物和心境稳定剂作用中的意义，以及（2）GDNF与脑内神经递质之间的相互关系，而神经递质在抑郁症发病机制中起关键作用。本综述提供了多条相互印证的证据：（1）脑内GDNF参与了抑郁症潜在机制以及抗抑郁药和心境稳定剂的作用；（2）GDNF与神经递质之间存在相互作用，代表了一个反馈系统：GDNF-神经递质和神经递质-GDNF。
