Lopez-Pascual Amaya, Bes-Rastrollo Maira, Sayón-Orea Carmen, Perez-Cornago Aurora, Díaz-Gutiérrez Jesús, Pons Juan J, Martínez-González Miguel A, González-Muniesa Pedro, Martínez J Alfredo
Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of NavarraPamplona, Spain; Centre for Nutrition Research, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of NavarraPamplona, Spain.
IDISNA Navarra's Health Research InstitutePamplona, Spain; CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Centre of Biomedical Research Network, ISCIIIMadrid, Spain; Department Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of NavarraPamplona, Spain.
Front Physiol. 2017 Jan 4;7:658. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00658. eCollection 2016.
Living in a geographically higher altitude affects oxygen availability. The possible connection between environmental factors and the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) feature is not fully understood, being the available epidemiological evidence still very limited. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the longitudinal association between altitude and incidence of MetS and each of its components in a prospective Spanish cohort, The Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) project. Our study included 6860 highly educated subjects (university graduates) free from any MetS criteria at baseline. The altitude of residence was imputed with the postal code of each individual subject residence according to the data of the Spanish National Cartographic Institute and participants were categorized into tertiles. MetS was defined according to the harmonized definition. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between the altitude of residence and the risk of MetS during follow-up. After a median follow-up period of 10 years, 462 incident cases of MetS were identified. When adjusting for potential confounders, subjects in the highest category of altitude (>456 m) exhibited a significantly lower risk of developing MetS compared to those in the lowest tertile (<122 m) of altitude of residence [Model 2: Hazard ratio = 0.75 (95% Confidence interval: 0.58-0.97); for trend = 0.029]. Living at geographically higher altitude was associated with a lower risk of developing MetS in the SUN project. Our findings suggest that geographical elevation may be an important factor linked to metabolic diseases.
生活在地理海拔较高的地区会影响氧气供应。环境因素与代谢综合征（MetS）特征发展之间的可能联系尚未完全明确，现有流行病学证据仍然非常有限。本研究的目的是在西班牙前瞻性队列“纳瓦拉大学跟踪研究（SUN）项目”中评估海拔与MetS发病率及其各组成部分之间的纵向关联。我们的研究纳入了6860名在基线时无任何MetS标准的高学历受试者（大学毕业生）。根据西班牙国家制图研究所的数据，利用每个个体受试者居住地址的邮政编码估算居住海拔，并将参与者分为三分位数。MetS根据统一的定义进行界定。采用Cox比例风险模型评估居住海拔与随访期间MetS风险之间的关联。在中位随访期10年后，共识别出462例MetS发病病例。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，居住海拔最高类别（>456米）的受试者与居住海拔最低三分位数（<122米）的受试者相比，发生MetS的风险显著降低[模型2：风险比=0.75（95%置信区间：0.58 - 0.97）；趋势P值=0.029]。在SUN项目中，生活在地理海拔较高的地区与发生MetS的较低风险相关。我们的研究结果表明，地理海拔可能是与代谢性疾病相关的一个重要因素。
