1 Division of Biomedical System Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education, University of Toyama , Toyama, Japan .
2 Toyama Nanotechnology Manufacturing Cluster , Toyama, Japan .
Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 2017 Jun;23(3):245-256. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2016.0398. Epub 2017 Mar 21.
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has been used in industrial worlds for decades. Three-dimensional bioprinting has recently received an increasing attention across the globe among researchers, academicians, students, and even the ordinary people. This emerging technique has a great potential to engineer highly organized functional bioconstructs with complex geometries and tailored components for engineering bioartificial tissues/organs for widespread applications, including transplantation, therapeutic investigation, drug development, bioassay, and disease modeling. Although many specialized 3D printers have been developed and applied to print various types of 3D tissue constructs, bioprinting technologies still have several technical challenges, including high resolution distribution of cells, controlled deposition of bioinks, suitable bioink materials, maturation of cells, and effective vascularization and innervation within engineered complex structures. In this brief review, we discuss about bioprinting approach, current limitations, and possibility of future advancements for producing engineered bioconstructs and bioartificial organs with desired functionalities.
三维（3D）打印技术已经在工业领域使用了几十年。最近，全球的研究人员、学者、学生甚至普通人都越来越关注三维生物打印技术。这项新兴技术具有很大的潜力，可以为工程生物人工组织/器官制造具有复杂几何形状和定制组件的高度组织功能生物构建体，广泛应用于移植、治疗研究、药物开发、生物测定和疾病建模。虽然已经开发并应用了许多专用的 3D 打印机来打印各种类型的 3D 组织构建体，但生物打印技术仍存在一些技术挑战，包括细胞的高分辨率分布、生物墨水的受控沉积、合适的生物墨水材料、细胞的成熟以及在工程复杂结构中进行有效的血管生成和神经支配。在这篇简短的综述中，我们讨论了生物打印方法、当前的局限性以及未来在制造具有所需功能的工程生物构建体和生物人工器官方面取得进展的可能性。
