D.F. Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, NAMS, Kiev, Ukraine.
D.F. Chebotarev Institute of Gerontology, NAMS, Kiev, Ukraine.
Ageing Res Rev. 2017 May;35:36-45. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2017.01.001. Epub 2017 Jan 18.
Aging-associated alterations in composition, diversity and functional features of intestinal microbiota are well-described in the modern literature. They are suggested to be caused by an age-related decline in immune system functioning (immunosenescence) and a low-grade chronic inflammation (inflammaging), which accompany many aging-associated pathologies. The microbiota-targeted dietary and probiotic interventions have been shown to favorably affect the host health and aging by an enhancement of antioxidant activity, improving immune homeostasis, suppression of chronic inflammation, regulation of fat deposition and metabolism and prevention of insulin resistance. Recently, a high effectiveness and safety of novel therapeutic application such as fecal microbiota transplantation in the prevention and treatment of age-related pathological conditions including atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes and Parkinson's disease has been demonstrated. In this review, recent research findings are summarized on the role of gut micribiota in aging processes with emphasis on therapeutic potential of microbiome-targeted interventions in anti-aging medicine.
在现代文献中，人们对与年龄相关的肠道微生物群落组成、多样性和功能特征的改变有了很好的描述。这些改变被认为是由于免疫系统功能的衰老相关下降（免疫衰老）和低度慢性炎症（炎症衰老）引起的，这些改变伴随着许多与衰老相关的疾病。通过增强抗氧化活性、改善免疫稳态、抑制慢性炎症、调节脂肪沉积和代谢以及预防胰岛素抵抗，靶向肠道微生物群的饮食和益生菌干预已被证明可以对宿主健康和衰老产生有利影响。最近，粪便微生物群移植等新型治疗应用在预防和治疗动脉粥样硬化、2 型糖尿病和帕金森病等与年龄相关的病理状况方面的高有效性和安全性已得到证实。在这篇综述中，总结了肠道微生物群在衰老过程中的作用的最新研究结果，重点介绍了靶向微生物组的干预措施在抗衰老医学中的治疗潜力。
