a Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Fayoum University , Fayoum , Egypt.
b Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Beni-Suef University , Beni-Suef , Egypt.
Pharm Biol. 2017 Dec;55(1):810-818. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1280687.
Eruca sativa Mill. (Brassicaceae), commonly known as rocket salad, is a popular leafy-green vegetable with many health benefits.
To evaluate the antidiabetic activities of this plant in major insulin-responsive tissues.
Five E. sativa leaf extracts of varying polarity were prepared (aqueous extract, 70% and 95% ethanol extracts, the n-hexane-soluble fraction of the 95% ethanol extract (ES3) and the defatted 95% ethanol extract). Eruca sativa extracts were investigated through a variety of cell-based in vitro bioassays for antidiabetic activities in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells, H4IIE hepatocytes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Guided by the results of these bioassays, ES3 was fractionated into the saponifiable (SM) and the unspaonifiable (USM) fractions. Glucose uptake was measured using [H]-deoxy-glucose, while the effects on hepatic glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and adipogenesis were assessed using Wako AutoKit Glucose and AdipoRed assays, respectively.
ES3 and its SM fraction significantly stimulated glucose uptake with EC values of 8.0 and 5.8 μg/mL, respectively. Both extracts significantly inhibited G6Pase activity (IC values of 4.8 and 9.3 μg/mL, respectively). Moreover, ES3 and SM showed significant adipogenic activities with EC of 4.3 and 6.1 μg/mL, respectively. Fatty acid content of SM was identified by GC-MS. trans-Vaccenic and palmitoleic acids were the major unsaturated fatty acids, while palmitic and azelaic acids were the main saturated fatty acids.
These findings indicate that ES3 and its fatty acid-rich fraction exhibit antidiabetic activities in insulin-responsive cell lines and may hence prove useful for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
芝麻菜（Brassicaceae），俗称火箭沙拉，是一种常见的绿叶蔬菜，具有许多健康益处。
评估该植物在主要胰岛素反应组织中的抗糖尿病活性。
制备了芝麻菜叶的五种不同极性提取物（水提物、70%和 95%乙醇提取物、95%乙醇提取物的正己烷可溶部分（ES3）和脱脂 95%乙醇提取物）。通过各种基于细胞的体外生物测定法，在 C2C12 骨骼肌细胞、H4IIE 肝细胞和 3T3-L1 脂肪细胞中研究了芝麻菜提取物的抗糖尿病活性。根据这些生物测定的结果，将 ES3 分为可皂化（SM）和不可皂化（USM）部分。使用 [H]-脱氧葡萄糖测量葡萄糖摄取，而使用 Wako AutoKit Glucose 和 AdipoRed 测定法分别评估对肝葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶（G6Pase）和脂肪生成的影响。
ES3 及其 SM 部分分别以 8.0 和 5.8μg/mL 的 EC 值显著刺激葡萄糖摄取。两种提取物均显著抑制 G6Pase 活性（IC 值分别为 4.8 和 9.3μg/mL）。此外，ES3 和 SM 分别以 4.3 和 6.1μg/mL 的 EC 值显示出显著的脂肪生成活性。SM 的脂肪酸含量通过 GC-MS 确定。反式- Vaccenic 和棕榈油酸是主要的不饱和脂肪酸，而棕榈酸和壬二酸是主要的饱和脂肪酸。
这些发现表明 ES3 及其富含脂肪酸的部分在胰岛素反应细胞系中表现出抗糖尿病活性，因此可能对 2 型糖尿病的治疗有用。
