Detkalaya Osathee, Kornkasem Sajee, Vichukit Karin, Suksamranthaweerat Melanee, Aponrat Pojchanicha
Urologic Unit, Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital Bangkhen, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand.
J Feline Med Surg. 2025 Apr;27(4):1098612X251320246. doi: 10.1177/1098612X251320246. Epub 2025 Apr 4.
ObjectivesThe incidence of calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis in cats is rising globally, while magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) uroliths remain prevalent. MAP uroliths are commonly associated with urease bacterial infection in dogs. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) could increase the risk of urolithiasis, but there have only been limited studies to date in cats in developing countries. This study evaluates the association between UTI, sex, age and the occurrence of MAP uroliths compared with CaOx uroliths in cats treated for urolithiasis at Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Thailand.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted of medical records from cats undergoing surgery for urolithiasis at Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Thailand between 2016 and 2021. Data retrieval included mineral type, age, sex, breed and culture results. Uroliths were analysed via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) assessed risk factors for MAP urolith formation.ResultsData from 264 cats (168 males, median age 5 years; 95 females, median age 5.1 years; one unidentified) were included. Calcium oxalate (CaOx) was the most common urolith (170/264, 64.4%), followed by MAP urolithiasis (80/264, 30.3%). A total of 176 urine samples were cultured, of which 36/58 MAP cases, 32/107 CaOx cases and 5/11 other urolith cases tested positive. The most common bacteria were species (21/73, 28.8%), (16/73, 21.9%) and species (9/73, 12.3%). Multiple logistic regression indicated strong urease-producing bacteria increased MAP risk by 11.93 times (OR 11.93, 95% CI 4.28-33.23) and other bacteria ( species, species, species) increased risk by 3.84 times (OR 3.84, 95% CI 1.32-11.12). Age and sex had no significant effect.Conclusions and relevanceThe findings of this study unveiled an association between strong urease-producing bacteria and MAP in cats with urolithiasis.
目的
全球范围内，猫草酸钙（CaOx）尿石症的发病率呈上升趋势，而磷酸镁铵（MAP）尿石症仍然普遍存在。MAP尿石症通常与犬的脲酶细菌感染有关。尿路感染（UTIs）可能会增加尿石症的风险，但迄今为止，发展中国家对猫的相关研究有限。本研究评估了泰国农业大学兽医教学医院接受尿石症治疗的猫中，UTI、性别、年龄与MAP尿石症发生之间的关联，并与CaOx尿石症进行比较。
方法
对2016年至2021年期间在泰国农业大学兽医教学医院接受尿石症手术的猫的病历进行回顾性研究。数据检索包括矿物质类型、年龄、性别、品种和培养结果。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱对尿石进行分析。比值比（ORs）和95%置信区间（CIs）用于评估MAP尿石形成的风险因素。
结果
纳入了264只猫的数据（168只雄性，中位年龄5岁；95只雌性，中位年龄5.1岁；1只身份不明）。草酸钙（CaOx）是最常见的尿石（170/264，64.4%），其次是MAP尿石症（80/264，30.3%）。共培养了176份尿液样本，其中36/58例MAP病例、32/107例CaOx病例和5/11例其他尿石病例检测呈阳性。最常见的细菌是 种（21/73，28.8%）、 （16/73，21.9%）和 种（9/73，12.3%）。多因素逻辑回归表明，产脲酶强的细菌使MAP风险增加11.93倍（OR 11.93，95% CI 4.28 - 33.23），其他细菌（ 种、 种、 种）使风险增加3.84倍（OR 3.84，95% CI 1.32 - 11.12）。年龄和性别无显著影响。
结论及相关性
本研究结果揭示了产脲酶强的细菌与患尿石症猫的MAP之间的关联。
