Kennedy R H, Bartley G B, Flanagan J C, Waller R R
Oculoplastic Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Mayo Clin Proc. 1989 Sep;64(9):1085-90. doi: 10.1016/s0025-6196(12)64977-5.
Many therapeutic modalities, including medications, excision of the muscles used in closure of the eyelids (myectomy), and selective extirpation of branches of the facial nerve (neurectomy), have been used for the management of blepharospasm. Because of limited effectiveness and undesirable side effects, none of these treatments has been completely satisfactory. Recent reports about injection of botulinum toxin indicate that it is safe and effective for most patients. Relief from blepharospasm, however, is usually transient, and repeated injections are usually necessary. The current availability of effective therapy for blepharospasm emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnosis and referral of affected patients to physicians knowledgeable in the use of botulinum toxin and other therapeutic approaches.
许多治疗方法，包括药物治疗、切除用于闭合眼睑的肌肉（睑肌切除术）以及选择性切除面神经分支（神经切除术），都已用于治疗眼睑痉挛。由于疗效有限且存在不良副作用，这些治疗方法均未完全令人满意。最近关于注射肉毒杆菌毒素的报道表明，它对大多数患者来说是安全有效的。然而，眼睑痉挛的缓解通常是短暂的，通常需要重复注射。目前针对眼睑痉挛的有效治疗方法的出现凸显了及时诊断并将受影响患者转诊给熟悉肉毒杆菌毒素及其他治疗方法使用的医生的重要性。
