Sharanappa T, Chetana R, Suresh Kumar G
Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020 India.
Department of Traditional Foods and Sensory Science, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020 India.
J Food Sci Technol. 2016 Dec;53(12):4316-4324. doi: 10.1007/s13197-016-2430-6. Epub 2016 Dec 14.
The proximate composition and bioactive components were screened in eight wheat bran cultivars such as UAS (304, 415, 428), DWR (162, 185, 1006) and DDK (1025, 1029). The results showed that carbohydrate content ranged from 62.3 to 73.9%, protein 11-21%, fat 2.4-5.6%, ash content 5-6.5% among the wheat bran genotypes and dietary fiber content was found to be between 21 and 52%. Mineral content vary viz., Fe (0.7-2.45), Mg (4.78-8.36), K (16.47-44.58), Zn (0.78-1.44), Cu (3.35-15.79), Na (1.22-7.14) and Mn (21.77-70.09) μg/gm, highest being in UAS-428 variety, except for Ca content. Linoleic acid was the major fatty acid present to the extent of 47-53%. The antioxidant capacity of wheat bran extract through free radical scavenging showed the IC50 values (mg/mL) of 9.4 for UAS 428 and 10.55 for UAS 415 indicating higher activity. The steryl ferulates, total tocopherols and carotenoids were estimated as fat soluble nutraceuticals. Higher content of steryl ferulate was observed in DWR 185 (477 mg/100 g) followed by DDK 1025 (465 mg/100 g) and the least in UAS 415 (119 mg/100 g) variety. In conclusion genotypic wheat bran is an important source of dietary micronutrients like minerals especially in UAS variety with a potential free radical reducing ability. These varieties have health protective properties and can be incorporated in various food formulations for improved lifestyles.
对8个小麦麸品种进行了近似成分和生物活性成分筛选，这些品种包括UAS（304、415、428）、DWR（162、185、1006）和DDK（1025、1029）。结果表明，在这些小麦麸基因型中，碳水化合物含量在62.3%至73.9%之间，蛋白质含量在11%至21%之间，脂肪含量在2.4%至5.6%之间，灰分含量在5%至6.5%之间，膳食纤维含量在21%至52%之间。矿物质含量各不相同，即铁（0.7 - 2.45）、镁（4.78 - 8.36）、钾（16.47 - 44.58）、锌（0.78 - 1.44）、铜（3.35 - 15.79）、钠（1.22 - 7.14）和锰（21.77 - 70.09）μg/g，除钙含量外，UAS - 428品种中含量最高。亚油酸是主要脂肪酸，含量在47%至53%之间。通过自由基清除法测定的小麦麸提取物抗氧化能力显示，UAS 428的IC50值（mg/mL）为9.4，UAS 415为10.55，表明UAS 428活性更高。对甾醇阿魏酸酯、总生育酚和类胡萝卜素进行了测定，作为脂溶性营养保健品。在DWR 185（477 mg/100 g）中观察到较高含量的甾醇阿魏酸酯，其次是DDK 1025（465 mg/100 g），UAS 415品种中含量最低（119 mg/100 g）。总之，基因型小麦麸是膳食微量营养素如矿物质的重要来源，尤其是UAS品种，具有潜在的自由基还原能力。这些品种具有健康保护特性，可纳入各种食品配方中以改善生活方式。
