Kruik-Kollöffel Willemien J, van der Palen Job, Kruik H Joost, van Herk-Sukel Myrthe P P, Movig Kris L L
Department of Clinical Pharmacy Medisch Spectrum Twente Enschede The Netherlands; Present address: Department of Clinical Pharmacy Saxenburgh Group Hardenberg The Netherlands.
Medical School Twente Medisch Spectrum Twente Enschede The Netherlands; Department of Research Methodology, Measurement and Data Analysis University of Twente Enschede The Netherlands.
Pharmacol Res Perspect. 2016 Jul 18;4(4):e00242. doi: 10.1002/prp2.242. eCollection 2016 Aug.
Safety concerns of the concomitant use of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were published in 2009 and 2010 by the medicines regulatory agencies, including a direct healthcare professional communication. We examined the association between various safety statements and prescription behavior for gastroprotective drugs in naïve patients in the Netherlands during the years 2008-2011. Data from the PHARMO Database Network were analyzed with interrupted time series analyses to estimate the impact of each communication on drug prescriptions. Dispensings were used as a proxy variable for prescription behavior. After the early communication in January 2009, 15.5% (95% CI 7.8, 23.4) more patients started concomitantly with (es)omeprazole and 13.8% (95% CI 6.5, 21.2) less with other PPIs. Directly after the first statement in June 2009, we found a steep increase in histamine 2-receptor antagonists (H2RA) peaking at 25%, placing those patients at risk for gastrointestinal events. This effect for H2RA faded away after a few months. In February 2010, when the official advice via an adjusted statement was to avoid (es)omeprazole, we found a decrease of 11.9% (95% CI 5.7, 18.2) for (es)omeprazole and an increase of +16.0% (95% CI 10.3, 21.7) for other PPIs. Still 22.6% (95% CI 19.5, 25.7) of patients started on (es)omeprazole in February 2010, placing them at risk for cardiovascular events. Advices of regulatory authorities were followed, however, reluctantly and not fully, probably partly because of the existing scientific doubt about the interaction.
药品监管机构于2009年和2010年发布了关于氯吡格雷与质子泵抑制剂(PPI)联合使用的安全性问题,其中包括直接向医疗保健专业人员传达的信息。我们研究了2008 - 2011年期间荷兰初治患者中各种安全性声明与胃保护药物处方行为之间的关联。利用中断时间序列分析对来自PHARMO数据库网络的数据进行分析,以估计每次信息传达对药物处方的影响。配药被用作处方行为的替代变量。在2009年1月的早期信息传达之后,开始同时使用(埃索)美拉唑的患者增加了15.5%(95%置信区间7.8,23.4),而开始同时使用其他PPI的患者减少了13.8%(95%置信区间6.5,21.2)。在2009年6月的首次声明之后,我们发现组胺2受体拮抗剂(H2RA)急剧增加,峰值达到25%,使这些患者面临胃肠道事件的风险。几个月后,H2RA的这种影响逐渐消失。2010年2月,当通过调整后的声明给出官方建议避免使用(埃索)美拉唑时,我们发现(埃索)美拉唑减少了11.9%(95%置信区间5.7,18.2),而其他PPI增加了16.0%(95%置信区间10.3,21.7)。2010年2月,仍有22.6%(95%置信区间19.5,25.7)的患者开始使用(埃索)美拉唑,使他们面临心血管事件的风险。然而,监管机构的建议未被充分且勉强遵循,这可能部分是因为对这种相互作用存在科学质疑。