Show Pau Loke, Tang Malcolm S Y, Nagarajan Dillirani, Ling Tau Chuan, Ooi Chien-Wei, Chang Jo-Shu
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Jalan Broga, Semenyih 43500, Malaysia.
Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Jan 22;18(1):215. doi: 10.3390/ijms18010215.
Microalgae contribute up to 60% of the oxygen content in the Earth's atmosphere by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen during photosynthesis. Microalgae are abundantly available in the natural environment, thanks to their ability to survive and grow rapidly under harsh and inhospitable conditions. Microalgal cultivation is environmentally friendly because the microalgal biomass can be utilized for the productions of biofuels, food and feed supplements, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics. The cultivation of microalgal also can complement approaches like carbon dioxide sequestration and bioremediation of wastewaters, thereby addressing the serious environmental concerns. This review focuses on the factors affecting microalgal cultures, techniques adapted to obtain high-density microalgal cultures in photobioreactors, and the conversion of microalgal biomass into biofuels. The applications of microalgae in carbon dioxide sequestration and phycoremediation of wastewater are also discussed.
微藻通过光合作用吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气，为地球大气贡献了高达60%的氧气含量。微藻在自然环境中大量存在，这得益于它们在恶劣和不适宜的条件下生存和快速生长的能力。微藻养殖对环境友好，因为微藻生物质可用于生产生物燃料、食品和饲料补充剂、药品、营养保健品及化妆品。微藻养殖还可以补充诸如二氧化碳封存和废水生物修复等方法，从而解决严重的环境问题。本综述重点关注影响微藻培养的因素、在光生物反应器中获得高密度微藻培养物所采用的技术，以及微藻生物质转化为生物燃料的过程。还讨论了微藻在二氧化碳封存和废水藻修复中的应用。
