Antal Maria Cristina, Bénardais Karelle, Samama Brigitte, Auger Cyril, Schini-Kerth Valérie, Ghandour Said, Boehm Nelly
Institut d'Histologie, Service Central de Microscopie Electronique, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.
PLoS One. 2017 Jan 25;12(1):e0170756. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170756. eCollection 2017.
Adenylate cyclase type III (AC3) is localized in plasma membrane of neuronal primary cilium and can be used as a marker of this cilium. AC3 has also been detected in some other primary cilia such as those of fibroblasts, synoviocytes or astrocytes. Despite the presence of a cilium in almost all cell types, we show that AC3 is not a common marker of all primary cilia of different human and mouse tissues during development. In peripheral organs, AC3 is present mainly in primary cilia in cells of the mesenchymal lineage (fibroblasts, chondroblasts, osteoblasts-osteocytes, odontoblasts, muscle cells and endothelial cells). In epithelia, the apical cilium of renal and pancreatic tubules and of ductal plate in liver is AC3-negative whereas the cilium of basal cells of stratified epithelia is AC3-positive. Using fibroblasts cell culture, we show that AC3 appears at the plasma membrane of the primary cilium as soon as this organelle develops. The functional significance of AC3 localization at the cilium membrane in some cells but not others has to be investigated in relationship with cell physiology and expression at the cilium plasma membrane of specific upstream receptors.
III型腺苷酸环化酶（AC3）定位于神经元初级纤毛的质膜中，可作为该纤毛的标志物。在其他一些初级纤毛中也检测到了AC3，如成纤维细胞、滑膜细胞或星形胶质细胞的纤毛。尽管几乎所有细胞类型中都存在纤毛，但我们发现AC3并非发育过程中不同人类和小鼠组织所有初级纤毛的通用标志物。在外周器官中，AC3主要存在于间充质谱系细胞（成纤维细胞、成软骨细胞、成骨细胞-骨细胞、成牙本质细胞、肌肉细胞和内皮细胞）的初级纤毛中。在上皮组织中，肾和胰腺小管以及肝脏导管板的顶端纤毛AC3阴性，而复层上皮基底细胞的纤毛AC3阳性。通过成纤维细胞培养，我们发现一旦初级纤毛细胞器发育，AC3就会出现在其质膜上。AC3在某些细胞而非其他细胞的纤毛膜上定位的功能意义，必须结合细胞生理学以及特定上游受体在纤毛质膜上的表达来进行研究。
