State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; The College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather & Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of CMA, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Environ Pollut. 2017 Apr;223:484-496. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.050. Epub 2017 Jan 22.
In January 2013, the real-time hourly average concentrations of six pollutants (CO, NO, O, PM, PM and SO) based on data from air quality monitoring stations in major Chinese cities were released to the public. That report provided a good opportunity to publicise nationwide temporal and spatial pollution characteristics. Although several studies systematically investigated the temporal and spatial trends of pollutant concentrations, the relation between air pollution and multi-scale meteorological conditions and their spatial variations on a nationwide scale remain unclear. This study analysed the air pollution characteristics and their relation to multi-scale meteorological conditions during 2014-2015 in 31 provincial capital cities in China. The annual average concentrations of six pollutants for 31 provincial capital cities were 1.2 mg m, 42.4 μg m, 49.0 μg m, 109.8 μg m, 63.7 μg m, and 32.6 μg m in 2014. The annual average concentrations decreased 5.3%, 4.9%, 11.4%, 12.0% and 21.5% for CO, NO, PM, PM and SO, respectively, but increased 7.4% for O in 2015. The highest rate of a major pollutant over China was PM followed by PM, O, NO, SO and CO. Meteorological conditions were the primary factor determining day-to-day variations in pollutant concentrations, explaining more than 70% of the variance of daily average pollutant concentrations over China. Meteorological conditions in 2015 were more adverse for pollutant dispersion than in 2014, indicating that the improvement in air quality was caused by emission controls.
2013 年 1 月，根据中国主要城市空气质量监测站的数据，发布了实时每小时平均浓度的六种污染物（CO、NO、O、PM、PM 和 SO）。该报告为宣传全国时间和空间污染特征提供了一个很好的机会。尽管有几项研究系统地调查了污染物浓度的时间和空间趋势，但空气污染与多尺度气象条件之间的关系以及全国范围内的空间变化仍不清楚。本研究分析了 2014-2015 年中国 31 个省会城市的空气污染特征及其与多尺度气象条件的关系。31 个省会城市的六种污染物年平均浓度分别为 1.2mg/m、42.4μg/m、49.0μg/m、109.8μg/m、63.7μg/m 和 32.6μg/m，2014 年。2015 年 CO、NO、PM、PM 和 SO 的年平均浓度分别下降了 5.3%、4.9%、11.4%、12.0%和 21.5%，但 O 增加了 7.4%。中国主要污染物中 PM 的增长率最高，其次是 PM、O、NO、SO 和 CO。气象条件是决定污染物浓度日变化的主要因素，占中国日平均污染物浓度方差的 70%以上。2015 年的气象条件不利于污染物扩散，表明空气质量的改善是由于排放控制。
