Stolf Aline Maria, Cardoso Cibele Campos, Acco Alexandra
Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Phytother Res. 2017 Mar;31(3):366-374. doi: 10.1002/ptr.5768. Epub 2017 Jan 25.
Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder that is caused by a deficit in the production of (type 1) or response to (type 2) insulin. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by a state of chronic hyperglycemia and such symptoms as weight loss, thirst, polyuria, and blurred vision. These disturbances represent one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality nowadays, despite available treatments, such as insulin, insulin secretagogues, insulin sensitizers, and oral hypoglycemic agents. However, many efforts have been made to discover new drugs for diabetes treatment, including medicinal plant extracts. Silymarin is a powder extract of the seeds from Silybum marianum, a plant from the Asteraceae family. The major active ingredients include four isomers: silybin, isosilybin, silychristin, and silydianin. Silymarin is indicated for the treatment of hepatic disorders, such as cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, and gallstones. Moreover, several studies of other pathologies, including diabetes, sepsis, osteoporosis, arthritis, hypercholesterolemia, cancer, viral infections, and Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, have tested the effects of silymarin and reported promising results. This article reviews data from clinical, in vivo, and in vitro studies on the use of silymarin, with a focus on the complications of diabetes, including nephropathy, neuropathy, healing delays, oxidative stress, hepatotoxicity, and cardiomyopathy. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
糖尿病是一种常见的代谢紊乱疾病，由胰岛素分泌不足（1型糖尿病）或胰岛素反应不足（2型糖尿病）引起。糖尿病的特征是慢性高血糖状态以及体重减轻、口渴、多尿和视力模糊等症状。尽管有胰岛素、胰岛素促泌剂、胰岛素增敏剂和口服降糖药等现有治疗方法，但这些紊乱仍是当今发病和死亡的主要原因之一。然而，人们已经做出了许多努力来发现治疗糖尿病的新药，包括药用植物提取物。水飞蓟素是来自菊科植物水飞蓟种子的粉末提取物。其主要活性成分包括四种异构体：水飞蓟宾、异水飞蓟宾、水飞蓟亭和水飞蓟宁。水飞蓟素适用于治疗肝脏疾病，如肝硬化、慢性肝炎和胆结石。此外，对包括糖尿病、败血症、骨质疏松症、关节炎、高胆固醇血症、癌症、病毒感染以及阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病在内的其他病症的多项研究已经测试了水飞蓟素的效果，并报告了有前景的结果。本文综述了关于水飞蓟素使用的临床、体内和体外研究数据，重点关注糖尿病的并发症，包括肾病、神经病变、愈合延迟、氧化应激、肝毒性和心肌病。版权所有© 2017约翰威立父子有限公司。
