Department of Physiotherapy, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Department of Biomechanics, Medicine and Rehabilitation of Locomotor Apparatus, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, 3900 Bandeirantes Avenue, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
Osteoporos Int. 2017 Apr;28(4):1461-1471. doi: 10.1007/s00198-017-3905-7. Epub 2017 Jan 26.
The effects of jump training on bone structure before and after ovariectomy-induced osteopenia in rats were investigated. Jumping exercise induced favorable changes in bone mineral density, bone mechanical properties, and bone formation/resorption markers. This exercise is effective to prevent bone loss after ovariectomy even when osteopenia is already established.
The present study investigated the effects of jump training on bone structure before and after ovariectomy-induced osteopenia in 80 10-week-old Wistar rats.
Forty rats (prevention program) were randomly allocated to one of four equal groups (n = 10): sham-operated sedentary (SHAM-SEDp), ovariectomized (OVX) sedentary (OVX-SEDp), sham-operated exercised (SHAM-EXp), and OVX exercised (OVX-EXp). SHAM-EXp and OVX-EXp animals began training 3 days after surgery. Another 40 rats (treatment program) were randomly allocated into another four groups (n = 10): sham-operated sedentary (SHAM-SEDt), OVX sedentary (OVX-SEDt), sham-operated exercised (SHAM-EXt), and OVX exercised (OVX-EXt). SHAM-EXt and OVX-EXt animals began training 60 days after surgery. The rats in the exercised groups jumped 20 times/day, 5 days/week, to a height of 40 cm for 12 weeks. At the end of the experimental period, serum osteocalcin, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) dosage, dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), histomorphometry, and biomechanical tests were analyzed.
The OVX groups showed higher values of FSH and body weight (p < 0.05). DXA showed that jump training significantly increased bone mineral density of the femur and fifth lumbar vertebra (p < 0.05). The stiffness of the left femur and fifth lumbar vertebra in the exercised groups was greater than that of the sedentary groups (p < 0.05). Ovariectomy induced significant difference in bone volume (BV/TV, percent), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp, micrometer), and trabecular number (Tb.N, per millimeter) (p < 0.05) compared to sham operation. Jump training in the OVX group induced significant differences in BV/TV, Tb.Sp, and Tb.N and decreased osteoblast number per bone perimeter (p < 0.05) compared with OVX nontraining, in the prevention groups. Osteocalcin dosage showed higher values in the exercised groups (p < 0.05).
Jumping exercise induced favorable changes in bone mineral density, bone mechanical properties, and bone formation/resorption markers. Jump training is effective to prevent bone loss after ovariectomy even when osteopenia is already established.
研究跳跃训练对去卵巢诱导骨质疏松大鼠骨结构的影响。跳跃运动对骨密度、骨机械性能和骨形成/吸收标志物产生了有利的变化。这种运动对预防去卵巢后骨丢失是有效的，即使在已经存在骨质疏松的情况下。
本研究在 80 只 10 周龄 Wistar 大鼠中，调查了跳跃训练对去卵巢诱导的骨质疏松前和骨质疏松后的骨结构的影响。
40 只大鼠（预防方案）被随机分为四组（n=10）：假手术安静组（SHAM-SEDp）、去卵巢安静组（OVX-SEDp）、假手术运动组（SHAM-EXp）和去卵巢运动组（OVX-EXp）。SHAM-EXp 和 OVX-EXp 动物在手术后 3 天开始训练。另外 40 只大鼠（治疗方案）被随机分为四组（n=10）：假手术安静组（SHAM-SEDt）、去卵巢安静组（OVX-SEDt）、假手术运动组（SHAM-EXt）和去卵巢运动组（OVX-EXt）。SHAM-EXt 和 OVX-EXt 动物在手术后 60 天开始训练。运动组的大鼠每天跳跃 20 次，每次 40cm，每周 5 天，共 12 周。在实验结束时，分析血清骨钙素、卵泡刺激素（FSH）剂量、双能 X 线吸收仪（DXA）、组织形态计量学和生物力学测试。
OVX 组的 FSH 和体重值较高（p<0.05）。DXA 显示跳跃训练显著增加了股骨和第五腰椎的骨密度（p<0.05）。运动组的左侧股骨和第五腰椎的刚度大于安静组（p<0.05）。与假手术相比，去卵巢诱导了骨体积（BV/TV，%）、骨小梁分离（Tb.Sp，微米）和骨小梁数量（Tb.N，每毫米）的显著差异（p<0.05）。跳跃训练在预防组中，OVX 组的 BV/TV、Tb.Sp 和 Tb.N 差异显著，并且每骨周长的成骨细胞数量减少（p<0.05）。运动组的骨钙素剂量较高（p<0.05）。
跳跃运动对骨密度、骨机械性能和骨形成/吸收标志物产生了有利的变化。跳跃训练对预防去卵巢后骨丢失是有效的，即使在已经存在骨质疏松的情况下。
