Dixon Mark R, Peach Jacqueline, Daar Jacob H, Penrod Cindy
Southern Illinois University.
Region 3 Special Education Cooperative.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2017 Apr;50(2):317-331. doi: 10.1002/jaba.373. Epub 2017 Jan 27.
The present study evaluated the feasibility of the PEAK Relational Training System's Generalization Module (Dixon, 2014b) to teach and establish generalization of autoclitic mands, distorted tacts, and creative path finding in three children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Using a multiple-baseline design across behaviors, each participant was provided with differential reinforcement and a least-to-most prompting hierarchy for correct responses to a subset of stimuli, and responses to other similar stimulus sets were probed for emergent generalization. Following training, each participant successfully acquired the directly trained behaviors and demonstrated generalization to the nonreinforced test exemplars. These data support the utility of Skinner's (1957) analysis to teach complex forms of verbal operants, and suggest that a manualized curriculum such as PEAK may have utility for promoting skill development and generalization for front line staff and caregivers of children with autism.
本研究评估了PEAK关系训练系统的泛化模块(Dixon,2014b)在三名被诊断为自闭症谱系障碍的儿童中教授和建立自发言语要求、歪曲的触觉和创造性路径寻找泛化的可行性。采用跨行为的多基线设计,为每个参与者提供差别强化和针对一部分刺激的正确反应的从最少到最多的提示层级,并对其他类似刺激集的反应进行探测以检验出现的泛化情况。训练后,每个参与者都成功习得直接训练的行为,并向未强化的测试范例展示了泛化情况。这些数据支持了斯金纳(1957年)的分析在教授复杂形式言语操作方面的效用,并表明诸如PEAK这样的手册化课程可能对促进自闭症儿童一线工作人员和照顾者的技能发展及泛化有用。