Zhang Qinghua, Mahapatra Tanmay, Huang Feifei, Tang Weiming, Guo Yufang, Tang Songyuan, Lei Yang, Feng Lei, Wang Anni, Zhang Liuyi, Zhang Jingping
Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
School of Nursing, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
PLoS One. 2017 Jan 27;12(1):e0170959. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170959. eCollection 2017.
Among Kazakh-Chinese population in Xinjiang province of China, prevalence of obesity and hypertension were 40.1% and 50.3% respectively, the highest across all ethnic groups residing in this pastureland. Despite this, there remained a dearth of information regarding the association between the anthropometric measures [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) etc.] and indicators for hypertension control [achieved levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP), pulse pressure index (PPI), ankle-brachial index (ABI) etc.] among them.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Xinjiang to determine the distribution and inter-relationships of the anthropometric measures and indicators for achieved BP control as well as their predictors among hypertension patients of Kazakh-Chinese ethnicity. Out of 550 randomly selected patients, 516 completed the interview, anthropometry and BP assessments.
In the sample population, average SBP, DBP and PP were 156.26±24.40mmHg, 87.55±14.73mmHg and 68.71±19.39mmHg respectively. Bivariate analysis identified age, gender, education, duration of hypertension, WC and BMI being factors influencing the achieved levels of BP. Adjusted multiple linear regression models elicited positive associations of age (βa = 0.152, p = 0.001) and duration of hypertension (βa = 0.132, p = 0.003) with achieved level of SBP as well as BMI (βa = 0.135, p = 0.002) with DBP. Age (βa = 0.207, p<0.001) and WHtR (βa = 0.304, p = 0.005) were positively and WC (βa = -0.406, p<0.001) was negatively associated with PPI. Increasing age (βa = -0.125, p = 0.005), female gender (βa = -0.122, p = 0.005) and 5years' duration of hypertension (βa = -0.091, p<0.039) were negatively associated with ABI. After adjustment for socio-demographic variables, hypertensive patients with (reference = without) abdominal obesity had 93% (p = 0.013) higher odds of missing the target BP control.
Anthropometric measures and indicators for blood pressure control among Kazakh-Chinese patients were far beyond normal. Several anthropometric measures appeared useful for monitoring BP. Using them, regular screening and consequent targeted intervention were required urgently to control hypertension among Kazakh-Chinese.
在中国新疆的哈萨克族-汉族人群中，肥胖和高血压的患病率分别为40.1%和50.3%，是居住在这片草原地区的所有民族中最高的。尽管如此，关于该人群中人体测量指标[体重指数（BMI）、腰围（WC）、腰臀比（WHR）、腰高比（WHtR）等]与高血压控制指标[收缩压和舒张压（SBP和DBP）的达标水平、脉压指数（PPI）、踝臂指数（ABI）等]之间的关联，仍然缺乏相关信息。
在新疆进行了一项横断面研究，以确定哈萨克族-汉族高血压患者中人体测量指标与血压控制达标指标的分布及相互关系，以及它们的预测因素。在随机选取的550名患者中，516名完成了访谈、人体测量和血压评估。
在样本人群中，平均收缩压、舒张压和脉压分别为156.26±24.40mmHg、87.55±14.73mmHg和68.71±19.39mmHg。双变量分析确定年龄、性别、教育程度、高血压病程、腰围和体重指数是影响血压达标水平的因素。调整后的多元线性回归模型显示，年龄（βa = 0.152，p = 0.001）和高血压病程（βa = 0.132，p = 0.003）与收缩压达标水平呈正相关，体重指数（βa = 0.135，p = 0.002）与舒张压呈正相关。年龄（βa = 0.207，p<0.001）和腰高比（βa = 0.304，p = 0.005）与脉压指数呈正相关，腰围（βa = -0.406，p<0.001）与脉压指数呈负相关。年龄增加（βa = -0.125，p = 0.005）、女性（βa = -0.122，p = 0.005）和高血压病程5年（βa = -0.091，p<0.039）与踝臂指数呈负相关。在调整社会人口学变量后，有（参照 = 无）腹型肥胖的高血压患者未达血压控制目标的几率高93%（p = 0.013）。
哈萨克族-汉族患者的人体测量指标和血压控制指标远远超出正常范围。几种人体测量指标似乎对监测血压有用。需要利用这些指标进行定期筛查并随后进行有针对性的干预，以控制哈萨克族-汉族人群中的高血压。
