University of Birmingham, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Semin Thromb Hemost. 2017 Jul;43(5):505-513. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1597285. Epub 2017 Jan 27.
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of stroke compared with the general population. AF-related stroke confers a higher mortality and morbidity risk, and thus, early detection and assessment for the initiation of effective stroke prevention with oral anticoagulation are crucial. Simple and practical risk assessment tools are essential to facilitate stroke and bleeding risk assessment in busy clinics and wards to aid decision making. At present, the CHADSVASc score is recommended by guidelines as the most simple and practical method of assessing stroke risk in AF patients. Alongside this, the use of the HAS-BLED score aims to identify patients at high risk of bleeding for more regular review and follow-up, and draws attention to potentially reversible bleeding risk factors. The aim of this review article is to summarize the current risk scores available for both stroke and bleeding in AF patients, and the recommendations for their use.
心房颤动（AF）与普通人群相比，发生中风的风险增加。与 AF 相关的中风会带来更高的死亡率和发病率风险，因此，早期发现和评估，以启动有效的抗凝治疗预防中风至关重要。简单实用的风险评估工具对于在繁忙的诊所和病房中进行中风和出血风险评估，以辅助决策制定非常重要。目前，指南推荐 CHADSVASc 评分作为评估 AF 患者中风风险的最简单实用的方法。除此之外，使用 HAS-BLED 评分旨在识别出血风险较高的患者，以便更频繁地进行复查和随访，并注意潜在的可逆转出血风险因素。本文旨在总结目前 AF 患者中风和出血风险的评分，并对其应用提出建议。
