Randrianandrasana Maminirina, Wu Wen-Yen, Carney David A, Wagoner Johnson Amy J, Berenbaum May R
Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 320 Morrill Hall, 505 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801
Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 320 Morrill Hall, 505 S. Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801.
J Insect Sci. 2017 Jan 27;17(1). doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iew112. Print 2017 Jan.
Antherina suraka Boisduval (Saturniidae, Lepidoptera) produces a silken cocoon that has been the focus of efforts to create a commercial wild silk industry in Madagascar. In this study, structural and mechanical properties of the cocoon of A. suraka from two sites were measured and compared to the cocoon of Bombyx mori L. (Bombycidae, Lepidoptera) the world's most common source for silk. Results of environmental scanning electron microscopy and mechanical testing showed that the silk sheet of A. suraka cocoon is less compact, with greater thickness and lower tensile strength and stiffness than that of B. mori Confirming these results, stiffness and cell and thread density were found to be negatively correlated with thickness, and the cell and thread volumes were positively correlated with thickness. Antherina suraka showed no major differences between silk sheets from Kirindy and Isalo sites in either structural or mechanical properties, except for mean cell volume, which was greater in cocoons from Kirindy. Comparison between the two layers forming the cocoon showed that the inner layer has greater elastic modulus, denser silk distribution and lower porosity. Cocoons from both Kirindy and Isalo are suitable for sericulture. Although the inner layer of cocoon silk is of higher quality than the outer layer, the fact that both layers are of great but lower tensile strength than B. mori silk suggests that the current practice of sewing the two layers together for making one single layer fabric should be continued in efforts to produce a commercially viable product.
苏拉卡大蚕蛾（Antherina suraka Boisduval，天蚕蛾科，鳞翅目）会织出丝茧，这已成为马达加斯加发展商业野生丝绸产业努力的重点。在本研究中，对来自两个地点的苏拉卡大蚕蛾茧的结构和力学性能进行了测量，并与世界上最常见的丝绸来源——家蚕（Bombyx mori L.，蚕蛾科，鳞翅目）的茧进行了比较。环境扫描电子显微镜和力学测试结果表明，苏拉卡大蚕蛾茧的丝层不如家蚕茧紧密，厚度更大，拉伸强度和刚度更低。证实这些结果的是，刚度、细胞和丝线密度与厚度呈负相关，细胞和丝线体积与厚度呈正相关。除了平均细胞体积在来自基林迪的茧中更大外，在结构或力学性能方面，来自基林迪和伊萨洛地点的苏拉卡大蚕蛾茧的丝层之间没有重大差异。对构成茧的两层进行比较表明，内层具有更大的弹性模量、更密集的丝分布和更低的孔隙率。来自基林迪和伊萨洛的茧都适合养蚕。尽管茧丝的内层质量高于外层，但两层的拉伸强度都比家蚕丝大但更低这一事实表明，为了生产出具有商业可行性的产品，目前将两层缝在一起制成单层织物的做法应继续下去。
