Kaushal Neeraj, Lu Yao, Denier Nicole, Wang Julia Shu-Huah, Trejo Stephen J
Columbia University, 1255 Amsterdam Avenue Room 917, New York, NY 10027.
Columbia University, 606 West 122nd Street, 614 Knox, New York, NY 10027.
J Popul Econ. 2016 Oct;29(4):1249-1277. doi: 10.1007/s00148-016-0600-5. Epub 2016 May 12.
We study the short-term trajectories of employment, hours worked, and real wages of immigrants in Canada and the U.S. using nationally representative longitudinal datasets covering 1996-2008. Models with person fixed effects show that on average immigrant men in Canada do not experience any relative growth in these three outcomes compared to men born in Canada. Immigrant men in the U.S., on the other hand, experience positive annual growth in all three domains relative to U.S. born men. This difference is largely on account of low-educated immigrant men, who experience faster or longer periods of relative growth in employment and wages in the U.S. than in Canada. We further compare longitudinal and cross-sectional trajectories and find that the latter over-estimate wage growth of earlier arrivals, presumably reflecting selective return migration.
我们利用涵盖1996年至2008年的具有全国代表性的纵向数据集，研究了加拿大和美国移民的就业、工作时长及实际工资的短期轨迹。含个体固定效应的模型显示，平均而言，与加拿大本土出生的男性相比，加拿大的移民男性在这三个方面并未出现相对增长。另一方面，与美国本土出生的男性相比，美国的移民男性在这三个方面均呈现出积极的年度增长。这种差异在很大程度上是由于受教育程度低的移民男性，他们在美国就业和工资方面的相对增长速度比在加拿大更快或持续时间更长。我们进一步比较了纵向和横截面轨迹，发现后者高估了早期移民的工资增长，这可能反映了选择性回流移民。
