社会记忆变量对老年人群接受性词汇和认知功能的可预测性

Predictability of Social-anamnestic Variables on Receptive Vocabulary and Cognitive Functioning of the Elderly Population.

作者信息

Ibrahimagic Amela, Zunic Lejla Junuzovic, Rasidovic Mirsada, Radic Bojan, Kantic Ahmet

机构信息

Faculty of Education and Rehabilitation, Tuzla University, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Nursing Home "Vesna Micanović" Brcko, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

出版信息

Mater Sociomed. 2016 Dec;28(6):424-428. doi: 10.5455/msm.2016.28.424-428.

DOI:10.5455/msm.2016.28.424-428

PMID:28144192

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5239656/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Aging, as an irrepressible biological process involves a series of physiological and pathological changes. The main aim of this study was to examine the correlation and predictability of receptive vocabulary and cognitive functioning of elderly people with anamnestic variables: chronological age, sex, level of formal education, marital status, years of work and retirement and years spent in an institution for the elderly.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The sample of participants consisted of 120 elderly people, average age was 78 years, placed in institutional care for elderly people in four cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was three groups of variables: anamnestic, receptive vocabulary assessment, and cognitive assessments. A Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) was used for the assessment of cognitive abilities. In order to estimate the receptive vocabulary Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT-III-HR) was used.

RESULTS

Results of multiple regression analysis show that part of the variance of receptive language which is explained by the model (anamnestic variables) was 44.0% and of cognitive functioning was 33.7%. The biggest single contribution to explaining the development of receptive vocabulary was given by predictor variable of college education (β = 0.417) then variable university education (β = 0.293), while the smallest single contribution was given by variable secondary education (β = 0.167). The biggest single contribution to explaining the results of tests of cognitive function was given by predictor variable College education (β = 0.328) and variable unskilled (β = -0.229), which has a negative effect on the increase in recent cognitive functioning.

CONCLUSION

Anamnestic variables were valid predictors of receptive vocabulary and cognitive functioning of elderly people. The highest individual contribution was given by variables describing the level of formal education of elderly.

摘要

引言

衰老作为一个不可抑制的生物学过程，涉及一系列生理和病理变化。本研究的主要目的是探讨老年人接受性词汇与认知功能之间的相关性，并通过既往记忆变量（实足年龄、性别、正规教育水平、婚姻状况、工作年限与退休情况以及在养老院度过的年限）进行预测。

材料与方法

研究样本包括120名老年人，平均年龄78岁，来自波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那四个城市的养老院。研究涉及三组变量：既往记忆变量、接受性词汇评估和认知评估。使用蒙特利尔认知评估量表（MoCA）评估认知能力。为评估接受性词汇，采用了皮博迪图片词汇测试（PPVT-III-HR）。

结果

多元回归分析结果显示，模型（既往记忆变量）解释的接受性语言方差部分为44.0%，认知功能方差部分为33.7%。对解释接受性词汇发展贡献最大的预测变量是大学教育（β = 0.417），其次是大学学历变量（β = 0.293），而贡献最小的是中等教育变量（β = 0.167）。对解释认知功能测试结果贡献最大的预测变量是大学教育（β = 0.328）和非技术工作变量（β = -0.229），后者对近期认知功能的提升有负面影响。