Momin A A, Bankar M P, Bhoite G M
Department of Biochemistry, BVDU Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra India.
Department of Biochemistry, B. J. Government Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra India.
Indian J Clin Biochem. 2017 Mar;32(1):53-60. doi: 10.1007/s12291-016-0573-x. Epub 2016 May 5.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a genetically heterogeneous condition, characterized by insulin deficiency and/or insulin resistance. The etiology of type 2 diabetes is complex, with involvement of genetic and environmental factors. The adipose tissue protein 'adiponectin' is known to increase insulin sensitivity with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The gene for adiponectin is present on chromosome 3q27, the association of number of single nucleotide polymorphisms of adiponectin gene with type 2 diabetes and its complications have been reported. In the present study the two most common SNPs +45T/G & +276G/T, and their association with type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular markers were studied. The significant difference in genotype frequencies of +45T/G & +276G/T was found in type 2 diabetic patients and controls, with odds ratio of 1.13 & 1.26 respectively. BMI, Fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA IR, triglyceride and VLDL cholesterol levels were increased, and HDL cholesterol level was decreased in patients carrier for +45T/G SNP than the wild type. While only decrease in the HDL cholesterol was reported in carriers for SNP +276G/T than the wild type. The logistic regression analysis revealed the positive association of SNP +45T/G with total cholesterol & LDL cholesterol. And negative association of HDL cholesterol was found with SNPs +45T/G and +276G/T. The haplotype analysis shows the alterations in means of biochemical markers in the patients having haplotype (GG) for mutant allele of SNP +45T/G and wild allele for SNP +276G/T.
2型糖尿病是一种基因异质性疾病，其特征为胰岛素缺乏和/或胰岛素抵抗。2型糖尿病的病因复杂，涉及遗传和环境因素。已知脂肪组织蛋白“脂联素”可提高胰岛素敏感性，并降低2型糖尿病的发病风险。脂联素基因位于3号染色体q27上，已有报道脂联素基因的单核苷酸多态性数量与2型糖尿病及其并发症之间存在关联。在本研究中，对两个最常见的单核苷酸多态性+45T/G和+276G/T及其与2型糖尿病和心血管标志物的关联进行了研究。在2型糖尿病患者和对照组中发现+45T/G和+276G/T基因型频率存在显著差异，优势比分别为1.13和1.26。与野生型相比，携带+45T/G单核苷酸多态性的患者的体重指数、空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素、稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数、甘油三酯和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高，高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平降低。而与野生型相比，携带+276G/T单核苷酸多态性的患者仅报告高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低。逻辑回归分析显示，单核苷酸多态性+45T/G与总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈正相关。并且发现高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与单核苷酸多态性+45T/G和+276G/T呈负相关。单倍型分析显示，对于单核苷酸多态性+45T/G的突变等位基因和单核苷酸多态性+276G/T的野生等位基因具有单倍型（GG）的患者，其生化标志物均值发生了改变。
