Grupo de Diseño y Formulación de Medicamentos, Cosméticos y Afines (DYFOMECO), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Alimentarias, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
Grupo de Investigación en Remediación Ambiental y Biocatálisis (GIRAB), Instituto de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No. 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jul;25(21):20293-20303. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-8420-z. Epub 2017 Feb 3.
In this work, the photo-Fenton process at near-neutral pH was applied for the removal of the β-lactam antibiotic oxacillin (OXA) in water using artificial and sunlight. Initially, the main variables of the process (Fe(II), HO, and light power) were optimized by a statistical factorial design (2 with center points). The experimental design indicated that 90 μmol L of Fe(II), 10 mmol L of HO, and 30 W of power light were the favorable conditions for degradation of OXA at 203 μmol L. In the photo-Fenton system, the HO alone, UV-light/HO, and Fe(II)/HO subsystems presented a significant participation on antibiotic removal. Moreover, based on the primary organic transformation products, a mechanism of OXA degradation was proposed. Under the favorable operational conditions, both the pollutant and the antimicrobial activity were eliminated after 50 min of process application. Although at 480 min of treatment, only 5% of mineralization was achieved, the level of biodegradability of the solutions increased from 0.08 to 0.98. Interestingly, the presence of pharmaceutical additives (glucose, isopropanol, and oxalic acid) had a moderate interference on the efficiency of the pollutant removal. Additionally, the treatment at pilot scale of the β-lactam antibiotic in a pharmaceutical complex matrix using solar radiation allowed the complete removal of the pollutant and its associated antimicrobial activity in a very short time period (5 min). These results evidenced the applicability of the photo-Fenton process to treat wastewaters from pharmaceutical industry loaded with β-lactam antibiotics at near neutral pH values efficiently.
在这项工作中，近中性 pH 值的光芬顿工艺被应用于使用人工和阳光去除水中的β-内酰胺抗生素苯唑西林（OXA）。最初，通过统计析因设计（2 个中心点）优化了该工艺的主要变量（Fe(II)、HO 和光功率）。实验设计表明，在 203 μmol·L 时，90 μmol·L 的 Fe(II)、10 mmol·L 的 HO 和 30 W 的光功率是 OXA 降解的有利条件。在光芬顿体系中，HO 单独、UV-光/HO 和 Fe(II)/HO 亚系统对抗生素去除有显著的参与。此外，根据主要的有机转化产物，提出了 OXA 降解的机制。在有利的操作条件下，经过 50 分钟的处理后，污染物和抗菌活性都被消除。尽管在 480 分钟的处理后，仅实现了 5%的矿化，但溶液的可生物降解性从 0.08 增加到 0.98。有趣的是，药物添加剂（葡萄糖、异丙醇和草酸）的存在对污染物去除效率有适度的干扰。此外，在制药厂的β-内酰胺抗生素复杂基质中，使用太阳辐射进行中试规模处理，可在很短的时间内（5 分钟）完全去除污染物及其相关的抗菌活性。这些结果证明了光芬顿工艺在近中性 pH 值下有效处理含有β-内酰胺抗生素的制药废水的适用性。
