Brion Mélanie, de Timary Philippe, Pitel Anne-Lise, Maurage Pierre
Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
Department of Adult Psychiatry, St Luc Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2017 Mar;41(3):596-607. doi: 10.1111/acer.13318. Epub 2017 Feb 3.
Korsakoff syndrome (KS), most frequently resulting from alcohol dependence (ALC), is characterized by severe anterograde amnesia. It has been suggested that these deficits may extend to other memory components, and notably source memory deficits involved in the disorientation and temporal confusion frequently observed in KS. However, the extent of this source memory impairment in KS and its usefulness for the differential diagnosis between ALC and KS remain unexplored.
Nineteen patients with KS were compared with 19 alcohol-dependent individuals and 19 controls in a source memory test exploring temporal context confusions ("continuous recognition task"). Episodic memory and psychopathological comorbidities were controlled for.
While no source memory deficit was observed in ALC, KS was associated with a significant presence of temporal context confusion, even when the influence of comorbidities was taken into account. This source memory impairment did not appear to be related to performances on episodic memory or executive functions.
Patients with KS displayed source memory deficits, as indexed by temporal context confusions. The absence of a relationship with episodic memory performances seems to indicate that source memory impairment is not a mere by-product of amnesia. As ALC was associated with preserved source memory, the presence of temporal context confusion may serve as a complementary tool for the differential diagnosis between ALC and KS.
科尔萨科夫综合征（KS）最常见于酒精依赖（ALC），其特征为严重的顺行性遗忘。有人认为这些缺陷可能扩展到其他记忆成分，特别是在KS中经常观察到的定向障碍和时间混乱所涉及的源记忆缺陷。然而，KS中这种源记忆损害的程度及其在ALC和KS鉴别诊断中的作用仍未得到探索。
在一项探索时间背景混乱的源记忆测试（“连续识别任务”）中，将19例KS患者与19例酒精依赖个体及19名对照进行比较。对情景记忆和精神病理共病进行了控制。
虽然在ALC中未观察到源记忆缺陷，但即使考虑到共病的影响，KS仍与显著的时间背景混乱相关。这种源记忆损害似乎与情景记忆或执行功能的表现无关。
KS患者表现出源记忆缺陷，以时间背景混乱为指标。与情景记忆表现无关似乎表明源记忆损害不仅仅是遗忘症的副产品。由于ALC与保留的源记忆相关，时间背景混乱的存在可能作为ALC和KS鉴别诊断的补充工具。
