Garbee Deborah D, Pierce Stephanie S, Manning Jennifer
Department of Adult Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Center for Promotion of Optimal Health Outcomes: A JBI Center of Excellence, 1900 Gravier Street, 4A21, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Louisiana Center for Promotion of Optimal Health Outcomes: A JBI Center of Excellence, 1900 Gravier Street, 5A10, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2017 Mar;29(1):67-79. doi: 10.1016/j.cnc.2016.09.011. Epub 2016 Dec 14.
Fungal infections are rare compared with bacterial infections, but they are on the increase in critical care units. Diagnosis can be difficult, resulting in increased mortality. Immunocompromised patients are at higher risk for fungal infections, including organ transplant, oncology, and HIV/AIDS patients. Fatigue and fever are common symptoms that require critical care nurses to remain vigilant in assessment to identify at-risk patients and promote use of timely cultures and appropriate treatments for fungal infections. Critical care nurses can contribute to decreasing risk for fungal infections by controlling glucose levels, decreasing the use of invasive lines, and preventing unnecessary antibiotic use.
与细菌感染相比，真菌感染较为罕见，但在重症监护病房中却呈上升趋势。诊断可能很困难，会导致死亡率上升。免疫功能低下的患者，包括器官移植患者、肿瘤患者和艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者，发生真菌感染的风险更高。疲劳和发热是常见症状，这就要求重症监护护士在评估时保持警惕，以识别高危患者，并促进及时进行真菌培养和采取适当的真菌感染治疗措施。重症监护护士可以通过控制血糖水平、减少侵入性管路的使用以及避免不必要的抗生素使用，来降低真菌感染的风险。
