Division of Dental Hygiene, The University of Missouri Kansas City School of Dentistry, Kansas City, MO.
Department of Periodontics, The University of Missouri Kansas City School of Dentistry.
J Periodontol. 2017 Jun;88(6):565-574. doi: 10.1902/jop.2017.160725. Epub 2017 Feb 7.
Epidemiologic studies using half-mouth designs for assessment of periodontal disease prevalence have reported that environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure of non-smokers is associated with a two- to three-fold increase in the odds of developing periodontitis. In response to the possibility of under-reporting of periodontitis, the Centers for Disease Control updated periodontal examination procedures in 2009 for the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES), including full-mouth, six-site periodontal probing, and attachment loss assessment. Aims of this study are to estimate prevalence of periodontitis among United States non-smoking adults exposed to ETS, report the values of the improved methods for estimating disease prevalence, and evaluate the predictive contribution of ETS exposure to periodontitis.
A cross-sectional study was conducted using NHANES data from the 2009 to 2012 examination cycle. To address these aims, oral examination data were used to determine prevalence of periodontitis among United States non-smoking adults and to test the influence of ETS exposure on occurrence of periodontitis.
There was a 28% increase in the odds of periodontitis for those with any ETS exposure compared with those with no measurable exposure (Wald χ test statistic [df] = 6.58 [1], P = 0.01; 95% confidence interval = 1.06 to 1.55).
ETS exposure increases the risk of an individual developing periodontitis.
使用半口设计评估牙周病患病率的流行病学研究报告称，非吸烟者接触环境烟草烟雾（ETS）会使牙周炎的发病几率增加两到三倍。针对牙周炎漏报的可能性，疾病控制中心在 2009 年更新了国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的牙周检查程序，包括全口、六位点牙周探诊和附着丧失评估。本研究的目的是估计接触 ETS 的美国非吸烟成年人牙周炎的患病率，报告改进的疾病患病率估计方法的值，并评估 ETS 暴露对牙周炎的预测贡献。
本研究采用 2009 年至 2012 年检查周期的 NHANES 数据进行横断面研究。为了实现这些目的，使用口腔检查数据来确定美国非吸烟成年人中牙周炎的患病率，并测试 ETS 暴露对牙周炎发生的影响。
与无可测量暴露的个体相比，任何 ETS 暴露的个体患牙周炎的几率增加了 28%（Wald χ 检验统计量[df] = 6.58 [1]，P = 0.01；95%置信区间 = 1.06 至 1.55）。
ETS 暴露会增加个体患牙周炎的风险。
