Centre for Plasmas and Fluids, Research School of Physics and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia.
Physics Department, Seattle University, 901 12th Avenue, PO Box 222000, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA.
Nat Commun. 2017 Feb 9;8:14325. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14325.
The control of matter motion at liquid-gas interfaces opens an opportunity to create two-dimensional materials with remotely tunable properties. In analogy with optical lattices used in ultra-cold atom physics, such materials can be created by a wave field capable of dynamically guiding matter into periodic spatial structures. Here we show experimentally that such structures can be realized at the macroscopic scale on a liquid surface by using rotating waves. The wave angular momentum is transferred to floating micro-particles, guiding them along closed trajectories. These orbits form stable spatially periodic patterns, the unit cells of a two-dimensional wave-based material. Such dynamic patterns, a mirror image of the concept of metamaterials, are scalable and biocompatible. They can be used in assembly applications, conversion of wave energy into mean two-dimensional flows and for organising motion of active swimmers.
控制液-气界面上的物质运动为创造具有远程可调特性的二维材料提供了机会。类似于用于超冷原子物理的光学晶格，可以通过能够动态地将物质引导到周期性空间结构的波场来创建这种材料。在这里，我们通过使用旋转波在液体表面上实验证明了可以在宏观尺度上实现这种结构。波的角动量被传递给漂浮的微粒子，引导它们沿着闭合轨迹运动。这些轨道形成稳定的空间周期性图案，即二维基于波的材料的单元。这种动态图案是超材料概念的镜像，具有可扩展性和生物相容性。它们可用于组装应用，将波能转换为平均二维流，并组织主动游泳者的运动。
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