Wege Natalia, Li Jian, Muth Thomas, Angerer Peter, Siegrist Johannes
Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre of Health and Society (CHS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Germany; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre of Health and Society (CHS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Duesseldorf, Germany.
J Psychosom Res. 2017 Mar;94:64-67. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.01.008. Epub 2017 Jan 19.
Psychosocial stress among university students, particularly medical students, is considered a widely prevalent problem. There is a need for valid measurement of an adverse psychosocial stress environment in university settings. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a newly developed short student version of the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) questionnaire in a sample of medical students.
A cross-sectional survey with a self-administrated questionnaire containing three scales was conducted among 406 medical students. Item-total correlations and Cronbach's alpha were calculated to assess the internal consistency of the scales. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to test factorial validity of the questionnaire structure.
The student version of the ERI questionnaire provides acceptable psychometric properties. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for effort, reward, and over-commitment were 0.67, 0.65, and 0.79, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis displayed a satisfactory fit of the data structure with the theoretical concept (GFI>0.94).
This student version of the ERI questionnaire provides a psychometrically tested tool for studies focussing on psychosocial environment in university settings. Further applications of this approach in other student groups are needed, in addition to prospective studies assessing associations with health outcomes.
大学生，尤其是医学生中的心理社会压力被认为是一个普遍存在的问题。在大学环境中，需要对不利的心理社会压力环境进行有效测量。本研究的目的是在医学生样本中检验新开发的简短学生版努力-回报失衡（ERI）问卷的心理测量特性。
对406名医学生进行了一项横断面调查，采用包含三个量表的自填式问卷。计算项目-总分相关性和克朗巴哈系数以评估量表的内部一致性。应用验证性因素分析来检验问卷结构的因素效度。
ERI问卷的学生版具有可接受的心理测量特性。努力、回报和过度投入的克朗巴哈系数分别为0.67、0.65和0.79。验证性因素分析显示数据结构与理论概念拟合良好（GFI>0.94）。
这个学生版的ERI问卷为关注大学环境中心理社会环境的研究提供了一个经过心理测量测试的工具。除了评估与健康结果关联的前瞻性研究外，还需要将这种方法进一步应用于其他学生群体。
