Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore.
J Esthet Restor Dent. 2017 Apr;29(2):137-145. doi: 10.1111/jerd.12280. Epub 2017 Feb 10.
The primary aim was to investigate whether ridge preservation done at extraction will preserve at least 6 mm of alveolar ridge width in the anterior maxillary zone and obviate the need for secondary bone augmentation during implant insertion.
Sixty patients with single implants placed in the anterior maxillary zone were classified in two groups. In the test group, 40 patients underwent ridge preservation at the time of tooth extraction, while the remaining 20 patients in the control group did not. Preimplant CBCT was evaluated to investigate if at least 6 mm of alveolar ridge width existed before implant insertion. The records were studied to investigate if secondary bone augmentation was done during implantation.
The mean patient age was 48.4 years. In the test group, mean healing time before implant placement was 5.0 ± 3.7 months (2 to 22 months); in the control groups, 13.0 + 12.7 months (1.2 to 38 months). In the test group, 82.5% of the subjects had a preimplant alveolar ridge width measuring at least 6 mm. In comparison, only 35% of the subjects in the control group had a preimplant alveolar ridge width measuring at least 6 mm. The odds of having at least 6 mm preimplant alveolar ridge width was significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.001). The need for secondary augmentation in the esthetic zone was less in the test group, the difference was not significant (p = 0.218). Within the test group, subjects received either xenografts or allografts as the ridge preservation material. There was no significant difference in the alveolar ridge width between these two materials (p = 1) CONCLUSION: Ridge preservation was effective in providing a sufficient ridge width in the anterior maxilla at the time of implantation and reduced the need for further bone augmentation.
The results of this study give the clinician insight into whether ridge preservation is required during extraction in the anterior maxilla in preparation for an implant restoration. (J Esthet Restor Dent 29:137-145, 2017).
主要目的是研究在拔牙时进行牙槽嵴保存是否可以在前上颌区域保留至少 6 毫米的牙槽嵴宽度，并避免在植入物插入时需要进行二次骨增量。
将 60 名在前上颌区域植入单颗种植体的患者分为两组。在实验组中，40 名患者在拔牙时进行了牙槽嵴保存，而对照组中的其余 20 名患者则没有。在植入前使用 CBCT 评估是否存在至少 6 毫米的牙槽嵴宽度。研究记录以调查在植入过程中是否进行了二次骨增量。
平均患者年龄为 48.4 岁。在实验组中，植入前的平均愈合时间为 5.0±3.7 个月（2 至 22 个月）；在对照组中，为 13.0±12.7 个月（1.2 至 38 个月）。在实验组中，82.5%的受试者在植入前牙槽嵴宽度至少为 6 毫米。相比之下，对照组中只有 35%的受试者在植入前牙槽嵴宽度至少为 6 毫米。实验组中至少有 6 毫米的植入前牙槽嵴宽度的可能性明显高于对照组（p<0.001）。在实验组中，需要在美学区域进行二次增量的情况较少，但差异无统计学意义（p=0.218）。在实验组中，受试者使用异种移植物或同种异体移植物作为牙槽嵴保存材料。这两种材料之间的牙槽嵴宽度没有显著差异（p=1）。
牙槽嵴保存术在前上颌牙槽嵴在植入时有效提供了足够的宽度，并减少了进一步骨增量的需要。
本研究结果使临床医生能够深入了解在前上颌拔牙时是否需要进行牙槽嵴保存，以准备植入物修复。
