Li Lihua, Fan Fenliang, Song Alin, Yin Chang, Cui Peiyuan, Li Zhaojun, Liang Yongchao
Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Jun;101(11):4669-4681. doi: 10.1007/s00253-017-8147-2. Epub 2017 Feb 10.
The association between microbial communities and plant growth in long-term fertilization system has not been fully studied. In the present study, impacts of long-term fertilization have been determined on the size and activity of soil microbial communities and wheat performance in a red soil (Ultisol) collected from Qiyang Experimental Station, China. For this, different microbial communities originating from long-term fertilized pig manure (M), mineral fertilizer (NPK), pig manure plus mineral fertilizer (MNPK), and no fertilizer (CK) were used as inocula for the Ultisol tested. Changes in total bacterial and fungal community composition and structures using Ion Torrent sequencing were determined. The results show that the biomass of wheat was significantly higher in both sterilized soil inoculated with NPK (SNPK) and sterilized soil inoculated with MNPK (SMNPK) treatments than in other treatments (P < 0.05). The activities of β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) and cellobiohydrolase (CBH) were significantly correlated with wheat biomass. Among the microbial communities, the largest Ascomycota phylum in soils was negatively correlated with β-1,4-glucosidase (βG) (P < 0.05). The phylum Basidiomycota was negatively correlated with plant biomass (PB) and tillers per plant (TI) (P < 0.05). Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis shows that fungal community was strongly correlated with long-term fertilization strategy, while the bacterial community was strongly correlated with β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase activity. According to the Mantel test, the growth of wheat was affected by fungal community. Taken together, microbial composition and diversity in soils could be a good player in predicting soil fertility and consequently plant growth.
长期施肥系统中微生物群落与植物生长之间的关联尚未得到充分研究。在本研究中，已确定长期施肥对从中国祁阳实验站采集的红壤（老成土）中土壤微生物群落的大小和活性以及小麦生长表现的影响。为此，将源自长期施用猪粪（M）、矿物肥料（NPK）、猪粪加矿物肥料（MNPK）和不施肥（CK）的不同微生物群落用作受试老成土的接种物。使用离子激流测序法确定了细菌和真菌群落的总组成和结构变化。结果表明，接种NPK的灭菌土壤（SNPK）和接种MNPK的灭菌土壤（SMNPK）处理中小麦的生物量均显著高于其他处理（P < 0.05）。β-1,4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）和纤维二糖水解酶（CBH）的活性与小麦生物量显著相关。在微生物群落中，土壤中最大的子囊菌门与β-1,4-葡萄糖苷酶（βG）呈负相关（P < 0.05）。担子菌门与植物生物量（PB）和单株分蘖数（TI）呈负相关（P < 0.05）。非度量多维尺度分析表明，真菌群落与长期施肥策略密切相关，而细菌群落与β-1,4-N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶活性密切相关。根据Mantel检验，小麦的生长受真菌群落的影响。综上所述，土壤中的微生物组成和多样性可能是预测土壤肥力进而植物生长的重要因素。
