Clinical and Pet Nutrition Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Faculty Training in Animal Nutrition, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243 122, India.
Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132 001, India.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2017 Sep;9(3):262-277. doi: 10.1007/s12602-017-9256-z.
The objective of the present study was to develop a probiotic of canine-origin for its potential application in pet nutrition. Accordingly, 32 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were isolated from faeces of dogs, out of which 9 strains were short-listed for further in vitro testing based on the aggregation time and cell surface hydrophobicity. The results of acid-, bile- and phenol-tolerance tests indicated that out of the nine, isolate cPRO23 was having better resistance to these adverse conditions likely to be encountered in the gastrointestinal tract. The isolate also showed optimal enzymatic activities for amylase, lipase and protease. Further assessments also indicated its superiority in terms of co-aggregation and antagonistic activity against pathogenic strains of Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis. Subsequently, the isolate was identified through 16S rRNA sequencing and sequence homology, and designated as Lactobacillus johnsonii CPN23. The candidate probiotic was then evaluated in vivo using 15 adult Labrador dogs, divided into 3 groups, viz. CON (with no probiotics), dPRO (with Lactobacillus acidophilus NCDC 15 as a conventional dairy-origin probiotic) and cPRO (with L. johnsonii CPN23 as a canine-origin probiotic). Results of the 9-week study indicated that supplementation of cPRO improved (P < 0.05) the faecal concentration of acetate and butyrate with a concomitant reduction (P < 0.05) in faecal ammonia. The cell-mediated immune response, assessed as delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction to phytohaemagglutinin-P, was better (P < 0.05) in dogs fed cPRO as compared to the CON dogs. There were, however, no variations evident in the antibody response to sheep-erythrocytes among the three groups. It is concluded that the canine-origin L. johnsonii CPN23, in addition to possessing all the in vitro functional attributes of a candidate probiotic, also has the potential to be used as a probiotic in pet nutrition programs.
本研究的目的是开发一种犬源益生菌，以将其潜在应用于宠物营养。因此，从犬粪便中分离出 32 株乳酸菌（LAB）菌株，其中 9 株菌株根据聚集时间和细胞表面疏水性被筛选出来进行进一步的体外测试。耐酸、耐胆盐和耐酚试验结果表明，在所测试的 9 株菌株中，cPRO23 分离株对胃肠道中可能遇到的这些不利条件具有更好的抗性。该分离株还表现出对淀粉酶、脂肪酶和蛋白酶的最佳酶活性。进一步的评估还表明，它在与鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和肠炎沙门氏菌的致病性菌株的共聚和拮抗活性方面具有优势。随后，通过 16S rRNA 测序和序列同源性对分离株进行鉴定，并命名为约翰逊乳杆菌 CPN23。随后，通过对 15 只成年拉布拉多犬进行体内评估，将候选益生菌分为 3 组，即 CON（无益生菌）、dPRO（添加嗜酸乳杆菌 NCDC 15 作为传统乳制品源益生菌）和 cPRO（添加约翰逊乳杆菌 CPN23 作为犬源益生菌）。为期 9 周的研究结果表明，补充 cPRO 可提高（P<0.05）粪便乙酸和丁酸的浓度，同时降低（P<0.05）粪便氨。细胞介导的免疫反应，如植物血球凝集素-P 的迟发型超敏反应，在接受 cPRO 喂养的犬中比 CON 组更好（P<0.05）。然而，三组之间对绵羊红细胞的抗体反应没有明显变化。综上所述，犬源约翰逊乳杆菌 CPN23 除了具有候选益生菌的所有体外功能特性外，还具有作为宠物营养计划中益生菌的潜力。
