Levine Cynthia S, Hoffer Lauren C, Chen Edith
Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University.
Health Psychol. 2017 May;36(5):493-501. doi: 10.1037/hea0000469. Epub 2017 Feb 13.
Frequent demands from others in relationships are associated with worse physiological and health outcomes. The present research investigated 2 potential moderators of the relationship between frequency of demands from one's family and inflammatory profiles among adolescents: (a) closeness of adolescents' relationships with their families, and (b) the frequency with which adolescents provided help to their families.
Two hundred thirty-four adolescents, ages 13-16 (Mage = 14.53; 47.83% male), completed a daily dairy in which they reported on the frequency of demands made by family members. They were also interviewed about the closeness of their family relationships and reported in the daily diary on how frequently they provided help to their families. Adolescents also underwent a blood draw to assess low-grade inflammation and proinflammatory cytokine production in response to bacterial stimulation.
More frequent demands from family predicted higher levels of low-grade inflammation and cytokine production in response to bacterial stimulation in adolescents. Family closeness moderated the relationship between frequent demands and stimulated cytokine production such that more frequent demands predicted higher cytokine production among adolescents who were closer to their families. Furthermore, frequency of providing help moderated the relationship between frequent demands and both low-grade inflammation and stimulated cytokine production, such that more frequent demands predicted worse inflammatory profiles among adolescents who provided more help to their families.
These findings build on previous work on family demands and health to show under what circumstances family demands might have a physiological cost. (PsycINFO Database Record
在人际关系中频繁受到他人的要求与较差的生理和健康结果相关。本研究调查了两个潜在的调节因素，它们影响着青少年家庭要求频率与炎症指标之间的关系：（a）青少年与家人关系的亲密程度，以及（b）青少年向家人提供帮助的频率。
234名年龄在13 - 16岁之间的青少年（平均年龄 = 14.53岁；47.83%为男性）完成了一份日常日记，他们在日记中记录了家庭成员提出要求的频率。他们还接受了关于家庭关系亲密程度的访谈，并在日常日记中记录了自己向家人提供帮助的频率。青少年还接受了抽血，以评估对细菌刺激产生的低度炎症和促炎细胞因子的生成情况。
家人提出的要求越频繁，青少年对细菌刺激产生的低度炎症水平和细胞因子生成量就越高。家庭亲密程度调节了频繁要求与刺激细胞因子生成之间的关系，即对于与家人关系更亲密的青少年，要求越频繁，细胞因子生成量越高。此外，提供帮助的频率调节了频繁要求与低度炎症和刺激细胞因子生成之间的关系，也就是说，对于向家人提供更多帮助的青少年，要求越频繁，炎症指标就越差。
这些发现基于先前关于家庭要求与健康的研究，以表明在何种情况下家庭要求可能会产生生理代价。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》
