Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University.
Center for Family Research, Institute for Behavioral Research, University of Georgia.
Am Psychol. 2017 Sep;72(6):555-566. doi: 10.1037/amp0000067.
Emerging data suggest that during childhood, close family relationships can ameliorate the impact that adversity has on life span physical health. To explain this phenomenon, a developmental stress buffering model is proposed in which characteristics of family relationships including support, conflict, obligation, and parenting behaviors evolve and change from childhood to adolescence. Together, these characteristics govern whether childhood family relationships are on balance positive enough to fill a moderating role in which they mitigate the effects that childhood adversities have on physical health. The benefits of some family relationship characteristics are hypothesized to stay the same across childhood and adolescence (e.g., the importance of comfort and warmth from family relationships) whereas the benefits of other characteristics are hypothesized to change from childhood to adolescence (e.g., from a need for physical proximity to parents in early childhood to a need for parental availability in adolescence). In turn, close, positive family relationships in childhood operate via a variety of pathways, such as by reducing the impact that childhood stressors have on biological processes (e.g., inflammation) and on health behaviors that in turn can shape physical health over a lifetime. (PsycINFO Database Record
新兴数据表明，在儿童时期，密切的家庭关系可以减轻逆境对寿命身体健康的影响。为了解释这一现象，提出了一种发展性应激缓冲模型，其中家庭关系的特征，包括支持、冲突、义务和养育行为，从儿童期到青春期逐渐发展和变化。这些特征共同决定了儿童时期的家庭关系是否足够积极，从而起到调节作用，减轻儿童时期逆境对身体健康的影响。假设一些家庭关系特征的益处会在整个儿童期和青春期保持不变（例如，来自家庭关系的舒适和温暖的重要性），而其他特征的益处则会从儿童期到青春期发生变化（例如，从儿童早期对父母身体亲近的需求到青春期对父母可用性的需求）。反过来，儿童时期亲密、积极的家庭关系通过多种途径发挥作用，例如减轻儿童期应激源对生物过程（如炎症）和健康行为的影响，而这些行为反过来又可以影响一生中的身体健康。（PsycINFO 数据库记录）
