Mazurek Birgit, Szczepek Agnieszka J, Brüggemann Petra
Tinnituszentrum und HNO-Klinik, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin.
Laryngorhinootologie. 2017 Jan;96(1):47-59. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-119419. Epub 2017 Feb 13.
Tinnitus is a phantom sound that can be a symptom of various disorders such as hearing loss, cardiovascular diseases, neurological disorders, diabetes or tumors. Because of the inability to divert the auditory attention from tinnitus sound, patients suffer with insomnia, problems with concentration and other psychological conditions, in some extreme cases including major depression symptoms. The auditory character of tinnitus induces the patients to seek help predominantly at the otolaryngologist practice. The first aim of a physician is to establish the cause of tinnitus and to measure its audiological properties. The second aim is to estimate the tinnitus-induced distress and to grade its psychological severity. This manuscript is dedicated to describe the audiological as well as psychological properties of tinnitus, its contemporary classification and the therapeutic methods used in the field.
耳鸣是一种幻听，可能是听力损失、心血管疾病、神经疾病、糖尿病或肿瘤等各种病症的症状。由于无法将听觉注意力从耳鸣声上转移，患者会遭受失眠、注意力不集中以及其他心理问题，在某些极端情况下还包括重度抑郁症状。耳鸣的听觉特性致使患者主要向耳鼻喉科医生寻求帮助。医生的首要目标是确定耳鸣的病因并测量其听力学特性。第二个目标是评估耳鸣引发的痛苦并对其心理严重程度进行分级。本手稿致力于描述耳鸣的听力学及心理特性、其当代分类以及该领域所使用的治疗方法。
