Sillanpää Elina, Niskala Paula, Laakkonen Eija K, Ponsot Elodie, Alén Markku, Kaprio Jaakko, Kadi Fawzi, Kovanen Vuokko, Sipilä Sarianna
Gerontology Research Centre,Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences,University of Jyväskylä,Jyväskylä,Finland.
School of Health and Medical Sciences,Örebro University,Örebro,Sweden.
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2017 Apr;20(2):119-131. doi: 10.1017/thg.2017.1. Epub 2017 Feb 14.
Estrogen-based hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be associated with deceleration of cellular aging. We investigated whether long-term HRT has effects on leukocyte (LTL) or mean and minimum skeletal muscle telomere length (SMTL) in a design that controls for genotype and childhood environment. Associations between telomeres, body composition, and physical performance were also examined. Eleven monozygotic twin pairs (age 57.6 ± 1.8 years) discordant for HRT were studied. Mean duration of HRT use was 7.3 ± 3.7 years in the user sister, while their co-twins had never used HRT. LTL was measured by qPCR and SMTLs by southern blot. Body and muscle composition were estimated by bioimpedance and computed tomography, respectively. Physical performance was measured by jumping height and grip strength. HRT users and non-users did not differ in LTL or mean or minimum SMTL. Within-pair correlations were high in LTL (r = 0.69, p = .020) and in mean (r = 0.74, p = .014) and minimum SMTL (r = 0.88, p = .001). Body composition and performance were better in users than non-users. In analyses of individuals, LTL was associated with BMI (r 2 = 0.30, p = .030), percentage total body (r 2 = 0.43, p = .014), and thigh (r 2 = 0.55, p = .004) fat, while minimum SMTL was associated with fat-free mass (r 2 = 0.27, p = .020) and thigh muscle area (r 2 = 0.42, p = .016). We found no associations between HRT use and telomere length. Longer LTLs were associated with lower total and regional fat, while longer minimum SMTLs were associated with higher fat-free mass and greater thigh muscle area. This suggests that telomeres measured from different tissues may have different associations with measures of body composition.
基于雌激素的激素替代疗法（HRT）可能与细胞衰老的减缓有关。我们在一项控制了基因型和童年环境的研究设计中，调查了长期HRT对白细胞端粒长度（LTL）或平均及最小骨骼肌端粒长度（SMTL）是否有影响。还研究了端粒、身体成分和身体机能之间的关联。对11对单卵双胞胎（年龄57.6±1.8岁）进行了研究，这些双胞胎在HRT使用情况上不一致。使用HRT的姐妹平均使用时间为7.3±3.7年，而她们的双胞胎姐妹从未使用过HRT。通过定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）测量LTL，通过Southern印迹法测量SMTL。分别通过生物电阻抗和计算机断层扫描估计身体和肌肉成分。通过跳跃高度和握力测量身体机能。HRT使用者和非使用者在LTL或平均及最小SMTL方面没有差异。双胞胎对内LTL的相关性较高（r = 0.69，p = 0.020），平均SMTL的相关性较高（r = 0.74，p = 0.014），最小SMTL的相关性较高（r = 0.88，p = 0.001）。使用者的身体成分和机能比非使用者更好。在个体分析中，LTL与体重指数（BMI）（r² = 0.30，p = 0.030）、全身脂肪百分比（r² = 0.43，p = 0.014）和大腿脂肪（r² = 0.55，p = 0.004）相关，而最小SMTL与去脂体重（r² = 0.27，p = 0.020）和大腿肌肉面积（r² = 0.42，p = 0.016）相关。我们发现HRT使用与端粒长度之间没有关联。较长的LTL与较低的全身和局部脂肪相关，而较长的最小SMTL与较高的去脂体重和更大的大腿肌肉面积相关。这表明从不同组织测量的端粒可能与身体成分测量有不同的关联。
