Sietzen M, Schober M, Fischer-Colbrie R, Scherman D, Sperk G, Winkler H
Neuroscience. 1987 Jul;22(1):131-9. doi: 10.1016/0306-4522(87)90203-x.
The levels of several constituents of chromaffin granules were determined in rat adrenal medulla after treatment with insulin or reserpine and after hypophysectomy. Insulin treatment induced increased levels of enkephalins, dopamine beta-hydroxylase, the amine carrier and of chromogranin B whereas catecholamines, cytochrome b-561 and chromagranin A remained slightly below control levels. Administration of reserpine led to similar changes with the exception of the enkephalins which increased much less. After hypophysectomy, chromogranin A was reduced to low levels; dopamine beta-hydroxylase, the amine carrier and catecholamines showed an intermediate reduction, whereas the other components remained at control levels. We can conclude that nervous stimulation of the adrenal medulla (by insulin and reserpine) induces the synthesis of enkephalins, dopamine beta-hydroxylase, the amine carrier and chromogranin B whereas the level of chromogranin A apparently depends on corticosteroids. Thus, major components of the secretory content and the membranes of chromaffin granules are regulated separately, which allows the biogenesis of chromaffin granules with a significantly altered composition.
在用胰岛素或利血平处理后以及垂体切除术后，测定了大鼠肾上腺髓质嗜铬颗粒中几种成分的水平。胰岛素处理导致脑啡肽、多巴胺β-羟化酶、胺载体和嗜铬粒蛋白B水平升高，而儿茶酚胺、细胞色素b-561和嗜铬粒蛋白A仍略低于对照水平。利血平给药导致类似变化，但脑啡肽增加较少。垂体切除术后，嗜铬粒蛋白A降至低水平；多巴胺β-羟化酶、胺载体和儿茶酚胺呈现中度降低，而其他成分保持在对照水平。我们可以得出结论，肾上腺髓质的神经刺激（通过胰岛素和利血平）诱导脑啡肽、多巴胺β-羟化酶、胺载体和嗜铬粒蛋白B的合成，而嗜铬粒蛋白A的水平显然取决于皮质类固醇。因此，嗜铬颗粒分泌内容物和膜的主要成分受到分别调节，这使得能够生成组成有显著改变的嗜铬颗粒。
