Bloom Tina L, Mosher William, Alhusen Jeanne, Lantos Hannah, Hughes Rosemary B
Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2017 Aug;21(8):1606-1615. doi: 10.1007/s10995-016-2250-3.
Objectives We compared fertility desires and intentions among women with disabilities and women without disabilities in the United States, using a new evidence-based measure of disability. Methods We analyzed data from a sample of 5601 US women 15-44 years of age in the 2011-2013 National Survey of Family Growth. The data were analyzed via cross-tabulation and logistic regression. We classified women into those with a disability and those without a disability. Results Women with disabilities were about as likely to want a baby (61%) as women without disabilities (60%). But only 43% of women with disabilities intended to have a baby in the future, compared with 50% of women without disabilities. Thus, the difference between the percent who want a baby and the percent who intend to have one was larger for disabled women. Women with disabilities were also less certain of their fertility intentions. Multivariate analysis shows that having a disability lowers the odds of intending another birth, after controlling for several other determinants of fertility intentions. Conclusions for Practice All women, regardless of disability status, desired more children than they actually planned to have, but the gap was larger for most groups of women with disabilities than for non-disabled women. Given the sample sizes available in this analysis, future research should use more detailed classifications of disability, however, we have shown that women living with disabilities constitute large populations with unexplored family planning needs.
目标 我们使用一种新的基于证据的残疾衡量方法，比较了美国残疾女性和非残疾女性的生育意愿和生育打算。方法 我们分析了2011 - 2013年全国家庭成长调查中5601名15 - 44岁美国女性样本的数据。通过交叉制表和逻辑回归对数据进行分析。我们将女性分为残疾女性和非残疾女性。结果 残疾女性想要孩子的比例（61%）与非残疾女性（60%）大致相同。但只有43%的残疾女性打算在未来生育，相比之下，非残疾女性这一比例为50%。因此，想要孩子的残疾女性比例与打算生育的残疾女性比例之间的差距更大。残疾女性对自己的生育打算也更不确定。多变量分析表明，在控制了生育打算的其他几个决定因素后，残疾会降低再次生育的几率。实践结论 所有女性，无论残疾状况如何，想要的孩子数量都比她们实际计划生育的数量多，但大多数残疾女性群体的差距比非残疾女性更大。鉴于本分析中的样本量，未来研究应使用更详细的残疾分类，然而，我们已经表明，残疾女性群体数量庞大，其计划生育需求尚未得到探索。
