Borsari Brian, Yurasek Ali, Miller Mary Beth, Murphy James G, McDevitt-Murphy Meghan E, Martens Matthew P, Darcy Monica G, Carey Kate B
San Francisco Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of California-San Francisco.
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University.
Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2017;87(2):166-175. doi: 10.1037/ort0000199.
Many returning OIF/OEF/OND Veterans are seeking higher education in an effort to develop a meaningful career and financial stability. Evidence suggests that student service members/veterans (SSM/Vs) are experiencing less academic success than other students. The purpose of this review is to identify the unique challenges of SSM/Vs and evaluate current campus efforts to facilitate their retention and academic performance. With a focus on SSM/Vs attending colleges and universities, we obtained 57 peer-reviewed and 73 gray literature records published between 2001 and 2015. The current SSM/V literature contains an abundance of gray literature, and the empirical research tends to be limited by cross-sectional design and small sample sizes. SSM/Vs encounter significant personal and environmental challenges when transitioning from the military to college campuses. A variety of services have been developed to address the needs of the SSM/V population, but the efficacy of these services remains largely unknown. In conclusion, there is a clear need to provide education to faculty, students, and staff regarding the experiences of SSM/Vs. Efforts to enhance screening for, availability of, and SSM/V engagement in mental health services would also be beneficial, as would improved availability of and SSM/V access to academic support. All future programs designed to address the unique challenges of SSM/Vs in the academic environment should also be systematically implemented and evaluated. (PsycINFO Database Record
许多从伊拉克自由行动/持久自由行动/新黎明行动归来的退伍军人正在寻求高等教育，以努力发展有意义的职业并实现经济稳定。有证据表明，学生服役人员/退伍军人在学业上取得的成功比其他学生少。本综述的目的是确定学生服役人员/退伍军人面临的独特挑战，并评估当前校园为促进他们留校和提高学业成绩所做的努力。我们重点关注了在2001年至2015年间发表的57篇同行评审文献和73篇灰色文献记录，这些文献涉及进入学院和大学的学生服役人员/退伍军人。当前关于学生服役人员/退伍军人的文献中灰色文献数量众多，而实证研究往往受到横断面设计和小样本量的限制。学生服役人员/退伍军人在从军队过渡到校园时会遇到重大的个人和环境挑战。已经开发了各种服务来满足学生服役人员/退伍军人的需求，但这些服务的效果在很大程度上仍然未知。总之，显然有必要就学生服役人员/退伍军人的经历对教师、学生和工作人员进行教育。加强对心理健康服务的筛查、提供以及让学生服役人员/退伍军人参与其中的努力也将是有益的，改善学业支持的可获得性以及学生服役人员/退伍军人对其的获取情况同样如此。所有未来旨在应对学生服役人员/退伍军人在学术环境中独特挑战的项目也应系统地实施和评估。（《心理学文摘数据库记录》
