McPherson Nicole O, Lane Michelle, Sandeman Lauren, Owens Julie A, Fullston Tod
Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia.
Freemasons Centre for Men's Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5005, Australia.
Nutrients. 2017 Feb 9;9(2):122. doi: 10.3390/nu9020122.
Paternal obesity programs metabolic syndrome in offspring. Low-impact exercise in obese males improves the metabolic health of female offspring, however whether this occurred in male offspring remained unknown. C57BL/6NHsd (Harlan) mice were fed a control diet (CD; 6% fat, n = 7) or a high-fat diet (HFD; 21% fat, n = 16) for 18 weeks. After 9 weeks, HFD-fed mice either remained sedentary (HH, n = 8) or undertook low-moderate exercise (HE, n = 8) for another 9 weeks. Male offspring were assessed for glucose/insulin tolerance, body composition, plasma lipids, pancreatic islet cell morphology and microRNA expression. Founder HH induced glucose intolerance, insulin insensitivity, and hyperlipidaemia in male offspring (p < 0.05). Metabolic health was fully restored in male offspring by founder exercise to control levels. Founder HH reduced pancreatic β-cell area and islet cell size in male offspring, and altered the expression of 13 pancreatic microRNAs (p < 0.05). Founder HE led to partial restoration of pancreatic islet cell morphology and the expression of two pancreatic microRNAs (let7d-5p, 194-5p) in male offspring. Founder HE reduced male offspring adiposity, increased muscle mass, reduced plasma free fatty acids (FFAs), and further altered pancreatic microRNAs (35 vs. HH; 32 vs. CD) (p < 0.05). Low-impact exercise in obese fathers prior to conception, without dietary change, may be a viable intervention strategy to reduce the illeffects of obesity-induced paternal programming in male offspring.
父源性肥胖会导致子代出现代谢综合征。肥胖雄性小鼠进行低强度运动可改善雌性子代的代谢健康状况，然而这一现象在雄性子代中是否存在仍不清楚。将C57BL/6NHsd（哈兰）小鼠分为两组，一组喂食对照饮食（CD；脂肪含量6%，n = 7），另一组喂食高脂饮食（HFD；脂肪含量21%，n = 16），持续18周。9周后，喂食HFD的小鼠要么保持 sedentary（HH，n = 8），要么进行低强度运动（HE，n = 8），持续9周。对雄性子代进行葡萄糖/胰岛素耐受性、身体成分、血浆脂质、胰岛细胞形态和微小RNA表达的评估。亲代HH组导致雄性子代出现葡萄糖不耐受、胰岛素不敏感和高脂血症（p < 0.05）。亲代运动可使雄性子代的代谢健康完全恢复至对照水平。亲代HH组减少了雄性子代的胰腺β细胞面积和胰岛细胞大小，并改变了13种胰腺微小RNA的表达（p < 0.05）。亲代HE组使雄性子代的胰岛细胞形态和两种胰腺微小RNA（let7d - 5p、194 - 5p）的表达部分恢复。亲代HE组降低了雄性子代的肥胖程度，增加了肌肉量，降低了血浆游离脂肪酸（FFA）水平，并进一步改变了胰腺微小RNA（与HH组相比有35种变化；与CD组相比有32种变化）（p < 0.05）。肥胖父亲在受孕前进行低强度运动，且不改变饮食，可能是一种可行的干预策略，以减少肥胖引起的父源性编程对雄性子代的不良影响。
