Swinney Christian, Flick David, Cheng Moses
University of Hawai'i, School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI (CS).
Hawaii J Med Public Health. 2017 Feb;76(2):43-47.
Novice surfers are at risk for a rare but potentially devastating form of atraumatic myelopathy. There are 16 published studies on this condition, including 66 cases. The most common suggested mechanism of injury is static hyperextension. However, active mechanisms, in contrast to static, have also been proposed and may be contributory. First time surfers, defined as those who have never been on a surfboard prior to the day of injury, are at particular risk. These individuals make up 89.5%-100% of the reported novice surfers found in the various reports. Multiple neurologic deficits occur and often include paraparesis, paraplegia, urinary retention, and hyperesthesia. While these deficits resolve in some cases, there are reports of multiple instances of permanent injury. Increased awareness of this condition is arguably the most effective preventative measure, as it may lead to avoidance of the predisposing postures. It may also lead to earlier diagnosis in the acute setting, which will become relevant as treatment modalities continue to be refined.
新手冲浪者面临一种罕见但可能具有毁灭性的无创伤性脊髓病风险。关于这种病症有16项已发表的研究，包括66个病例。最常见的损伤机制是静态过度伸展。然而，与静态机制相反的主动机制也已被提出，并且可能起作用。首次冲浪者，定义为在受伤当天之前从未上过冲浪板的人，尤其危险。在各种报告中发现的已报道新手冲浪者中，这些人占89.5%-100%。会出现多种神经功能缺损，通常包括轻截瘫、截瘫、尿潴留和感觉过敏。虽然在某些情况下这些缺损会得到缓解，但也有多次永久性损伤的报告。提高对这种病症的认识可以说是最有效的预防措施，因为它可能会避免诱发姿势。它还可能导致在急性情况下更早诊断，随着治疗方法不断完善，这将变得至关重要。
