Macrophage Biology Group, School of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Adv Immunol. 2017;133:1-36. doi: 10.1016/bs.ai.2016.12.001. Epub 2017 Jan 4.
Macrophages are phagocytic cells that participate in a broad range of cellular functions and they are key regulators of innate immune responses and inflammation. Mitochondria are highly dynamic endosymbiotic organelles that play key roles in cellular metabolism and apoptosis. Mounting evidence suggests that mitochondria are involved in the interplay between metabolism and innate immune responses. The ability of these organelles to alter the metabolic profile of a cell, thereby allowing an appropriate response to each situation, is crucial for the correct establishment of immune responses. Furthermore, mitochondria act as scaffolds for many proteins involved in immune signaling pathways and as such they are able to modulate the function of these proteins. Finally, mitochondria release molecules, such as reactive oxygen species, which directly regulate the immune response. In summary, mitochondria can be considered as core components in the regulation of innate immune signaling. Here we discuss the intricate relationship between mitochondria, metabolism, intracellular signaling, and innate immune responses in macrophages.
巨噬细胞是一种吞噬细胞，参与广泛的细胞功能，它们是先天免疫反应和炎症的关键调节者。线粒体是高度动态的内共生细胞器，在细胞代谢和细胞凋亡中发挥关键作用。越来越多的证据表明，线粒体参与了代谢和先天免疫反应之间的相互作用。这些细胞器改变细胞代谢谱的能力，从而使每个情况都能得到适当的反应，对于正确建立免疫反应至关重要。此外，线粒体作为许多参与免疫信号通路的蛋白质的支架，因此能够调节这些蛋白质的功能。最后，线粒体释放分子，如活性氧，直接调节免疫反应。总之，线粒体可以被认为是调节先天免疫信号的核心组成部分。在这里，我们讨论了巨噬细胞中线粒体、代谢、细胞内信号和先天免疫反应之间复杂的关系。
