Sharp Jack, Bouazza-Marouf Kaddour, Noronha Dorita, Gaur Atul
Wolfson School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK.
Department of Anaesthesia, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, Leicestershire LE1 5WW, UK.
Saudi J Anaesth. 2017 Jan-Mar;11(1):15-20. doi: 10.4103/1658-354X.197334.
In certain medical applications, it is necessary to be able to determine the position of a needle inside the body, specifically with regards to identifying certain tissue types. By measuring the electrical impedance of specific tissue types, it is possible to determine the type of tissue the tip of the needle (or probe) is at.
Two methods have been investigated for electric impedance detection; bipolar and monopolar. Commercially available needle electrodes are of a monopolar type. Although many patents exist on the bipolar setups, these have not as yet been commercialized. This paper reports a comparison of monopolar and bipolar setups for tissue type determination. experiments were carried out on pork to compare this investigation with other investigations in this field.
The results show that both monopolar and bipolar setups are capable of determining tissue type. However, the bipolar setup showed slightly better results; the difference between the different soft tissue type impedances was greater compared to the monopolar method.
Both monopolar and bipolar electrical impedance setups work very similarly in inhomogeneous volumes such as biological tissue. There is a clear potential for clinical applications with impedance-based needle guidance, with both the monopolar and bipolar setups. It is, however, worth noting that the bipolar setup is more versatile.
在某些医学应用中，有必要能够确定体内针头的位置，特别是在识别某些组织类型方面。通过测量特定组织类型的电阻抗，可以确定针头（或探头）尖端所在的组织类型。
研究了两种用于电阻抗检测的方法；双极法和单极法。市售的针电极是单极型的。尽管关于双极设置有许多专利，但这些尚未商业化。本文报告了用于组织类型确定的单极和双极设置的比较。在猪肉上进行了实验，以便将本研究与该领域的其他研究进行比较。
结果表明，单极和双极设置都能够确定组织类型。然而，双极设置显示出稍好的结果；与单极方法相比，不同软组织类型的阻抗之间的差异更大。
在诸如生物组织等非均匀体积中，单极和双极电阻抗设置的工作方式非常相似。基于阻抗的针头引导在临床应用中具有明显的潜力，单极和双极设置均如此。然而，值得注意的是，双极设置更具通用性。
