Singh Anu, Srivastava Ramesh Kumar, Deogharia Kabita S, Singh Kranti Kumar
Department of Pathology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2016 Jul-Sep;5(3):631-636. doi: 10.4103/2249-4863.197319.
This study was done to know the distribution and frequencies of blood groups among blood donors attending voluntary blood donation camps organized by the Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Ranchi, Jharkhand so that demand and supply ratio of the four blood groups can be maintained so that no patient dies due to lack of a particular blood group.
Up till now about 400 red cells antigen have been identified. The majority follow Mendelian inheritance. The ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group system are most important for blood transfusion purposes, parental testing, legal medicine, and in population genetic study.
This study was conducted to determine and compare the frequency and distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups among voluntary blood donors attending blood donation camps in Jharkhand organized by RIMS. The aim is to know the demand and supply ratio of a particular blood group in light of their distribution in the society so that no patient dies due to the deficient supply of blood.
It is a retrospective study carried out at blood bank. Materials and Methods: A study was conducted at Blood bank, RIMS, Ranchi, Jharkhand, over a period of 4 years from January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2015. Blood group of the blood donors was determined by commercially available standard monoclonal antisera by test tube agglutination technique accompanied by reverse grouping.
Out of 20,455 subjects, 18,717 (91.73%) were male and 1738 (8.27%) were female subjects. The ABO blood group present was B (35.15%) followed by O (34.73%), A (22.09%), and AB (8.03%) in blood donors while in Rh system, (96.46%) donors were Rh +ve and (3.54%) donors were Rh -ve. The study has a significant implication regarding the inventory management of blood bank and transfusion services for the indoor patients of RIMS and for emergency supply to other hospitals of Jharkhand in dire need of blood.
The knowledge of distribution of blood group is very important for blood banks and transfusion services which play an important role in the patient's health care. This study will also throw light on the reasons of deficiency of a particular group in a particular area so that deficient group donors may be encouraged to donate more frequently.
本研究旨在了解在贾坎德邦兰契市拉金德拉医学科学研究所（RIMS）组织的自愿献血活动中献血者的血型分布及频率，以便维持四种血型的供需比例，使患者不会因缺乏特定血型而死亡。
到目前为止，已鉴定出约400种红细胞抗原。大多数遵循孟德尔遗传。ABO和恒河猴（Rh）血型系统对于输血、亲子鉴定、法医学以及群体遗传学研究最为重要。
本研究旨在确定并比较在RIMS组织的贾坎德邦献血活动中自愿献血者的ABO和Rh血型的频率及分布。目的是根据特定血型在社会中的分布情况了解其供需比例，使患者不会因血液供应不足而死亡。
这是一项在血库进行的回顾性研究。材料与方法：在贾坎德邦兰契市RIMS血库进行了一项为期4年的研究，时间从2012年1月1日至2015年12月31日。献血者的血型通过市售标准单克隆抗血清采用试管凝集技术并辅以反向分组来确定。
在20455名受试者中，18717名（91.73%）为男性，1738名（8.27%）为女性。献血者中ABO血型出现频率依次为B型（35.15%）、O型（34.73%）、A型（22.09%）和AB型（8.03%）；在Rh系统中，96.46%的献血者为Rh阳性，3.54%的献血者为Rh阴性。该研究对于RIMS住院患者的血库库存管理以及向急需血液的贾坎德邦其他医院紧急供血具有重要意义。
血型分布的知识对于血库和输血服务非常重要，它们在患者的医疗保健中发挥着重要作用。本研究还将阐明特定地区特定血型短缺的原因，以便鼓励短缺血型的献血者更频繁地献血。
